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ANIMAL DIVERSITY and MOLECULES FOR LIFE Gr10 > Animal PHYLA > Flashcards

Animal PHYLA Flashcards

1
Q

What are common PORIFERA?

A

Sponges

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2
Q

Features of PORIFERA?(3)

A
  1. No tissues of organs
  2. Adults are sessile and larvae are motile to breed
  3. Nutrition through bacteria from water flittered
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3
Q

Diagram of a sponge?(4)

A

Pores- draw in water

Flagellum- circulate water

Spongocoel- water filed cavity(hydrostatic)

Osculum- single opening for ejecting water)

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4
Q

PORIFERA Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A 
Symmetry- asymmetry
cephalisation- no anterior end
Embryonic layers- cellular level of organisation 
coelom- acoelomate
gut- none
blood system- none
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5
Q

What skeleton in PORIFERA?

A

Hydrostatic (spongocoel)

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6
Q

What are common CNIDARIA?

A

hydra, coral sea anomie

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7
Q

Features of CNIDARIA?(4)

A
  1. aquatic
  2. stinging cell (nematocysts)
  3. nerve network- detect stimuli and react
  4. ectoderm- sting cells (poison)
    endoderm- modified cells (digestion)
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8
Q

Diagram of a hydra?(6)

A

mouth- ingestion +egestion
mesoglea- non cellular layer
coelenteron- (sac like cavity- extra cellular digestion)
pedal/ basal disc- attachment and locomotion
tentacles- locomotion + sting pray
hypostome- ingestion

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9
Q

CNIDARIA Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A 
Symmetry- Radial
cephalisation- no anterior end
Embryonic layers- diploblastic 
coelom- acoelomate
gut- blind gut
blood system- none
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10
Q

What skeleton in CNIDARIA?

A

Hydrostatic (coelenteron)

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11
Q

What are common PLATYHELMINTHES?

A

flat worms: tapeworm

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12
Q

Features of PLATYHELMINTHES?(3)

A
  1. dorsoventrally flattened and soft allowing for greater surface to volume ratio allowing for gas + nutrient diffusion as body cells near gut and environment
  2. most aquatic- some parasites
  3. hermaphrodites (bisexual)
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13
Q

Diagram of a TAPE WORMS?(6)

+ Where found?

A 
scolex- head
hooks- attach to intestinal wall
suckers
neck
strobila
gravid proglottides- carries fertilised eggs
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14
Q

PLATYHELMINTHES Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A 
Symmetry- Bilateral
cephalisation- yes, light detection nerve cells
Embryonic layers- triploblastic
coelom- acoelomate
gut- blind gut
blood system- none
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15
Q

What skeleton in PLATYHELMINTHES?

A

No skeleton

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16
Q

What are common ANNELIDA?

A

segmented worms- earth worm

17
Q

Features of ANNELIDA?(3)

A
  1. Round segmented worms (segmented by membranes)
  2. separation of gut and body muscles- move independently
  3. specialised regions for efficient food processing
18
Q

Diagram of EARTH WORM?(5)

+ Where found?

A 
mouth- intake soil
anus- expel undigested food
chatea/ bristils- locomotion
segments
clitellum - reproduction
found in moist soil- nocturnal to be protect from sun UV and drying out
19
Q

ANNELIDA Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A

Symmetry- Bilateral
cephalisation- yes, sensory organs making up simple brain
Embryonic layers- triploblastic
coelom- coelomic fluid- hydrostatic skeleton
gut- through gut
blood system- closed blood system- simple heart + blood vessels

20
Q

What skeleton in ANNELIDA?

A

Hydrostatic (coelomic fluid)

21
Q

What are common in all ARTHROPODA?

A

joined appendages and exoskeleton

22
Q

Features of ARTHROPODA?(5)

A
  1. invertebrates
  2. hard exoskeleton made of CHITIN- prevents desiccation but sheds/ moults to grow making vulnerable
  3. segmented- specialised paired appendages
  4. Metamorphosis- body plans change during lifecycle
  5. wings, legs and gills allowing to occupy all environments
23
Q

explain 4 classes of ARTHROPODS and features of each?

A

Insecta- 3 division(head, thorax, abdomen)

  • 3 pairs of legs
  • bees, flies

arachnida- 2 divisions

  • 4 pairs of legs
  • no antenna
  • spiders scorpions

myriapods- many legs
- millipedes and centipedes

crustacea- 2-3 body divisions

  • 5 pairs of legs
  • 2 pairs of antenna
  • crabs, cray fish
24
Q

ARTHROPODA Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A

Symmetry- Bilateral
cephalisation- yes, sensory organs (eyes+ antenna) making up simple brain
Embryonic layers- triploblastic
coelom- houses excretory organs
gut- through gut (different parts- specialised mouth)
blood system- open blood system- heamoceal

25
Q

What skeleton in ARTHROPODA?

A

Exoskeleton

26
Q

Role of invertebrates? (5)

A
  1. pollinating agents (reproduction)
  2. decomposers
  3. Aerators of soil (burrows)
  4. vectors of pest and disease
  5. biological control
27
Q

What are common in all CHORDATA?

A

Majority vertebrates

28
Q

Features of CHORDATA?(2)

A
  1. central nervous system co ordinating whole body

2. not all chordates are vertebrates (cephalchorda)

29
Q

explain 5 classes of CHORDATA and features of each?

A

ostheityes- slimy scales

  • ectothermic
  • breathe with gills
  • external fertilisation
  • oviparous

amphibia- moist skin

  • ectothermic
  • breathe with lungs (adults)
  • external fertilisation
  • oviparous

reptalia- dry scales

  • ectothermic
  • breathe with lungs
  • internal fertilisation
  • oviparous or ovo-vipirous

aves- feathers

  • endothermic
  • breathe with lungs
  • internal fertilisation
  • oviparous

mammalia- fur/ hair

  • endothermic
  • breathe with lungs
  • internal fertilisation
  • viviparous
30
Q

CHORDATA Symmetry, cephalisation, embryonic layers, coelom, gut, blood system?

A 
Symmetry- Bilateral
cephalisation- highly cephalised
Embryonic layers- triploblastic
coelom- well developed coelom 
gut- specialised through gut (efficient food processing)
blood system- closed blood system
31
Q

Another name for phylogenetic trees?

A

Cladograms

32
Q

meaning of phylogeny?

A

process of evolution through a pattern of relationshps

33
Q

phylogeny tree diagram?

A

ancestor- past
fork
descendants- recent

34
Q

what is a phyla most closely related to?

A

the phlya after it

35
Q

meaning of clade?

A

group of taxa that includes all the descendants from one common ancestor

ANIMAL DIVERSITY and MOLECULES FOR LIFE Gr10 (7 decks)

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