Animal Reproductive Physiology

Question 1

the degree of reproduction usually for polytocous species (i.e. sow, bitch, queen, etc. giving birth to a litter) indicating relative litter size

Answer 1

Prolificacy (Fecundity)

Question 2

fertilization of the ovum (egg); union and sperm; formation of the zygote

Answer 2

Conception

Question 3

a mixture of sperm (from testicles) and accessory gland fluids

Answer 3

Semen

Question 4

the process or act of giving birth to young

Answer 4

Parturition

Question 5

to cease/stop milking; to physically separate young from the nursing dam

Answer 5

Wean

Question 6

period of milk secretion, begins at parturition and ends when
offspring are weaned or when milking is stopped

Answer 6

Lactation

Question 7

layman’s term for expelled uterine membranes or placenta after giving birth

Answer 7

afterbirth

Question 8

rhythmic sexual behaviour patterns develop in female animals during puberty

Answer 8

Estrous Cycle

Question 9

refers to animals which have several estrous cycle per year or breeding season

Answer 9

Polyestrous

Question 10

known as the “heat cycle”, or the time from one heat to the next

Answer 10

Estrous Cycle

Question 11

period of sexual receptivity which allows the female to be mated

Answer 11

Estrus

Question 12

Greek word of “mad desire”

Answer 12

Oistros

Question 13

Greek word of “mad desire”

Answer 13

Oistros

Question 14

the production and release or more ova (multiple ovulation) at a single
estrus, as performed in embryo transfer

Answer 14

Superovulation

Question 15

animals born to a parent; descendants, either the first or a later generation

Answer 15

Offspring or Progeny

Question 16

animals born to a parent; descendants, either the first or a later
generation

Answer 16

Offspring or Progeny

Question 17

refers to newborn animal or a young

Answer 17

Neonate

Question 18

refers to prenatal stage after fetal membranes (placenta) become functional or beyond the embryo stage

Answer 18

Fetus

Question 19

the capacity to reproduce successfully (both male and female)

Answer 19

fertility

Question 20

refers to temporary loss of fertility

Answer 20

Infertility

Question 21

permanent loss of fertility

Answer 21

Sterility

Question 22

yellowish body in the mammalian ovary developed from follicular cells, which secretes progesterones

Answer 22

Corpus Luteum

Question 23

hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that acts on the AP to release gonadotrophins

Answer 23

Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 24

male sex hormone that stimulates the accessory sex glands, male sex drive and development of male secondary sex (masculine) characteristics.

Answer 24

Testosterone

Question 25

hormone produced by the CL and also at the placenta mainly responsible for progestational proliferation in the uterus for implantation and pregnancy maintenance; mammary and uterine gland development

Answer 25

Progesterone

Question 26

the time of adolescence when the male or female gonads become capable of releasing gametes

Answer 26

Puberty

Question 27

The onset of reproductive capacity.

Answer 27

Puberty

Question 28

chickens lay eggs on successive days

Answer 28

Clutch

Question 29

the time/interval that elapses from puberty to sexual maturity

Answer 29

Adoloscence

Question 30

first milk secreted postpartum containing high nutrients and antibodies for passive immunity of newborn

Answer 30

Colostrums

Question 31

portion of the brain that regulates reproduction, hunger, body temperature and other functions

Answer 31

Hypothalamus

Question 32

Where can we find the hypothalamus?

Answer 32

in the floor of the 3rd ventricle

Question 33

produced mainly in the ovary and placenta responsible for female to come physiologically into heat and be receptive to the male; cyclic change of female tubular genital tract; secondary female sex characteristics.

Answer 33

Estrogen

Question 34

Name three hormone (Estrogen)

Answer 34

estradiol, estriol, and estrone

Question 35

time/age reached when the gametes become capable of fertilization; state of full reproductive capacity.

Answer 35

Sexual Maturity

Question 36

time or period after birth

Answer 36

Postpartum

Question 37

one-third of the length of gestation period

Answer 37

trimester

Question 38

behaviour of male animals associated with courtship and sexual activity

Answer 38

Flehmen

Question 39

male sex drive

Answer 39

Libido

Question 40

part of the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain that produces several hormones

Answer 40

Anterior pituitary (AP) or adenohypophysis

Question 41

the degeneration or destruction of an ovarian CL

Answer 41

Luteolysis

Question 42

Give one reason of degeneration or destruction of an ovarian CL

Answer 42

Prostaglandin

Question 43

one of the two testes of a male or ovaries of a female; organ which produces sex cells

Answer 43

Gonad

Question 44

gonadotrophic hormone produced and released by the AP that stimulates the production of estrogens, development of ovarian follicles (together with LH) in female, and spermatogenesis in male

Answer 44

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 45

the time from breeding or conception of a female until she gives birth to her young (pregnancy/gravid)

Answer 45

Gestation

Question 46

the deposition of semen in the female reproductive tract

Answer 46

Insemination

Question 47

the act of sexual intercourse, where semen of the male is deposited in the reproductive tract of female during mating or breeding or service

Answer 47

Copulation

Question 48

the rupture of a ripe/matured follicles as a response to LH surge, shedding or releasing the ovum

Answer 48

Ovulation

Question 49

gonadotrophic hormone produced and released by the AP which in female, synergistically with FSH, stimulates estrogen secretion, follicle maturation, initiates ovulation, and formation and rentention of CL; in male, stimulation of interstitial cells to produce testosterone

Answer 49

Leutinizing hormone (LH) or instertitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Question 50

cells between the semiferous tubules of the testicle that produce testosterone

Answer 50

Interstitial cells or Leydig cells