Animal Science Quiz Bowl Questions Part 2 Flashcards
(276 cards)
1
Q
How do cows enter a robotic milking stall?
A
Voluntarily
2
Q
What is a type of sheep with wool on its face?
A
Closed Face
3
Q
What is the waviness of wool fibers?
A
Crimp
4
Q
What is a female sheep of any age?
A
Ewe
5
Q
What is the average diameter of the fibers in a fleece?
A
Fiber Diameter
6
Q
What is all the wool taken from a sheep?
A
Fleece
7
Q
What is a grease-like substance that naturally coats sheep’s wool?
A
Lanolin
8
Q
What is meat from a sheep younger than one year?
A
Lamb
9
Q
What is the meat from a sheep older than one year?
A
Mutton
10
Q
What is a type of sheep with no wool on its face?
A
Open faced
11
Q
What is a general Latin term for sheep?
A
Ovine
12
Q
What is hide from a slaughtered lamb or sheep with wool still attached called?
A
Pelt
13
Q
What is a male sheep that has not been castrated?
A
Ram
14
Q
What is the process of shaving or clipping wool from a sheep’s skin
A
Shearing
15
Q
What is length of wool fibers called?
A
Staple length
16
Q
What is a male sheep or goat that has been castrated?
A
Wether
17
Q
What is a fabric made from fine wool fibers at least 3 inches in length?
A
Worsted
18
Q
What is the fiber taken from a sheep?
A
Wool
19
Q
What is the weight of wool fleece after it has been cleaned of lanolin, dirt, and plant matter?
A
Yield
20
Q
What occurred in the latter 20th century that caused the sheep industry in the United States to decline?
A
Synthetic Fibers were developed
21
Q
What year did the U.S sheep and lamb population peak at 56.2 million head according to the USDA?
A
1942
22
Q
How many head did the USDA report in the United States when the sheep and lamb population reached a peak in 1942?
A
56.2 Million
23
Q
What did the population of sheep and lambs decline to in 1994?
A
8.4 Million
24
Q
What is the sheep and lamb population today in the United States?
A
5.8 Million
25
What two products have sheep and lamb been a significant source of throughout much of human history?
Meat and fiber
26
How many years ago were sheep domesticated?
10,000 Years Ago
27
How many years ago does evidence show that people were using sheep's wool?
20,000 Years Ago
28
What are modern domestic sheep descended from?
Mouflon
29
Where are mouflon, the descendants of modern sheep, from?
Asia and Europe
30
What percentage of the sheep population in the United States is the Suffolk breed?
60%
31
What breed of sheep comprises 60% of the sheep population in the United States?
Suffolk
32
What is a breed labeled that has stayed true to its bloodline with no crossing with other breeds?
Purebred
33
What are sheep primarily raised for?
Wool and meat
34
What are the breeds of sheep classified by?
The type of wool they produce
35
What are the five classes of wool?
Fine, Medium, Long, Crossbred, and Hair Sheep
36
How many classifications of wool are there?
5
37
What breed of sheep originated in the Downs of Sussex Country, England?
Southdown
38
Where did the Southdown breed of sheep originate?
Downs of Sussex Country, England
39
What breed of sheep is characterized by light colored wool, with a mousy-brown color on the face and legs, small ears and dark nostrils?
Southdown
40
What size sheep is the Southdown breed of sheep considered?
Medium to small
41
How is the wool of the Southdown breed of sheep classified?
Medium Wool
42
What size sheep is the Hampshire breed or sheep?
Large
43
What is the wool of the Hampshire breed of sheep classified as?
Medium Wool
44
Where did the Hampshire breed of sheep originate?
Hampshire Country, England
45
What breed of sheep originated in Hampshire Country, England?
Hampshire
46
When were most of the Hampshire sheep in the United States today imported?
Post Civil War
47
What is the Hampshire breed of sheep most well known for producing?
Club Show Lambs
48
What breed of sheep is characterized by a dark, relatively wool-free face and legs with large ears, along with a wool cap and wool on the legs?
Hampshire
49
What is the disposition of the Hampshire breed of sheep?
Mild
50
What two breeds of sheep created the Suffolk breed?
Southbound and Norfolk Horned
51
What breed of rams was used with Norfolk Horned Ewes to create the Suffolk breed of sheep?
Southdown
52
What breed of ewes was used with Southdown rams to create the Suffolk breed of sheep?
Norfolk Horned
53
Where did the Suffolk breed of sheep originate?
England
54
When was the Suffolk breed of sheep brought to the United States?
The late 1800's
55
What breed of sheep has a black head with a Roman nose, black wool free lags, and large semi-droopy ears?
Suffolk
56
What is the wool of the Suffolk breed of sheep classified as?
Medium Wool
57
What are the 2 purposes for the Shropshire breed of sheep?
Meat, Wool, and Dairy Production
58
Where did the Shropshire breed of sheep originate?
England
59
What three breeds of sheep were crossed to produce the Shropshire breed of sheep?
Southdown, Cotswold, and Leicester
60
The Southdown, Leicester, and Cotswold breeds of sheep were crossed to produce what breed of sheep?
Shropshire
61
What year were Shropshire introduced into the United States?
1855
62
What size is the Shropshire breed of sheep?
Medium
63
What is the classification of the wool for Shropshire sheep?
Medium Wool
64
What breed of sheep is characterized by wool on their legs, jaw and cap with small ears?
Shropshire
65
What is one of the oldest sheep breeds that actually dates back to the Middle Ages?
Dorset
66
What breed of sheep is predominately white with a wool free face, and have no pigment in their hooves, nose, or eye membranes?
Dorset
67
What size sheep is the Dorset breed?
Medium
68
What classification is the wool for the Dorset breed of sheep?
Medium Wool
69
What breed of sheep is known for being good mother and milk productions and can breed out of season?
Dorset
70
What breed of sheep originated in France and descends from the Spanish Merino?
Rambouillet
71
What country did the Rambouillet sheep originate in?
France
72
What breed of sheep has a wool free face below the eyes and forward facing downward tilting ears?
Rambouillet
73
What breed of sheep adapts well to most climates however because they are susceptible to maggots living in their fleece are not often found in damp climates?
Rambouillet
74
Why are Rambouillet sheep often not found in damp climates?
They are susceptible to maggots living in their fleece?
75
What breed of sheep was developed near Kansas City, Missouri?
Montadale
76
where did the Montadale breed of sheep develop?
Near Kansas City, Missouri
77
What breed of sheep began as a cross between a Cheviot ram and a Columbia ewe?
Montadale
78
The Montadale breed of sheep is a cross between a Cheviot ram and what breed of ewe?
Columbia
79
The Montadale breed of sheep is a cross between a Columbia ewe and what breed of rams?
Cheviot
80
Who is the breeder responsible for developing the Montadale breed of sheep?
E.H. Mattingly
81
What breed of sheep did E.M Mattingly develop?
Montadale
82
What classification is the wool for the Montadale breed of sheep?
Medium Wool
83
Why are birthing issues rare in the Montadale breed of sheep?
Their small head size
84
What color is the wool of the Montadale breed of sheep?
White
85
What have most sheep raised today been selectively bred for?
Commercial Production
86
What are the lesser-known breeds of sheep called?
Heritage Breeds
87
Because they developed their unique characteristics without any human intervention, what are some heritage breeds considered?
Natural breeds
88
What is the website address for the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy?
www.albc-usa.org
89
What are two body parts of the sheep that belong to a ram and not a ewe?
Testicles and Sheath
90
What are wether sheep typically raised for?
Market or Meat Production
91
What is milk from sheep used to make?
Specialty Cheeses
92
What do confined sheep produce that is used as a fertilizer?
Manure
93
What is the manure produced by confined sheep used for?
Fertilizer
94
What products is Lanolin commonly found in?
Lotions and Moisturizers
95
What is a common ingredient in Lotions and Moisturizers and is found on sheep wool?
Lanolin
96
What is the type of sheep meat most often eaten in the United States?
Lamb
97
What two cultures consider lam or mutton a central part of their diets?
Middle Eastern and Greek
98
In what kind of setting is lamb consumption most frequent in the United States?
Restaurant
99
How much lamb do Americans consume per year?
Less than 1 pound per person
100
How much lamb do people in Australia and Saudi Arabia consume per year?
Over 25 pounds per person
101
In what two countries is the consumption of lamb over 25 pounds per person per year?
Australia and Saudi
102
What feature about wool allows it to be spun into yarn?
It is elastic
103
Although it tends to be less profitable than meat, what product is most often associated with sheep?
Wool
104
What is a small but popular market for wool that includes hand spinning, knitting, and weaving?
Fiber Arts
105
Hand spinning, knitting, and weaving are examples of what?
fiber Arts
106
What is the requirement of a pelt that deems it "clean and in good condition?"
Must have less than one inch of new wool on it
107
A pelt that has less than one inch of new wool on it is deemed what?
Clean and in good condition
108
Slippers, mattress pads, and car seat covers are products made from what kind of sheep pelt?
A pelt with less than one inch of new wool onit
109
How much wool growth is allowed if a pelt is to be used for slippers, mattress pads, or car seat covers?
Less than one inch
110
What is most sheep's milk made into?
Cheese
111
Feta, Pecorino, Romano, and Roquefort are examples of what?
Cheeses made from sheep milk
112
Where is sheep dairying more common than in the United States?
European Countries
113
What breed of sheep is most often used in sheep dairies?
East Friesian
114
What is the East Friesian breed of sheep most often used for?
Sheep dairies
115
What is one of the primary factors that determine the type of product to be made from wool?
The relative fineness or coarseness of the wool fibers
116
The relative fineness or coarseness of the wool fibers is one of the primary factors that determine what?
The products that will be made from it
117
Fine wool fibers that are at least three inches in length can be processed into what?
Worsted Fabrics
118
What is processed from fine wool fibers shorter than three inches in length?
Worsted Fabrics
119
What produces a lighter, finer fabric and is used for high quality garments such as suits?
Worsted Yarns
120
What has more bulk and softness and is used for garments such as sweaters and coats?
Woolen Yarns
121
When is wool quality evaluated?
After the fleece is taken from the sheep.
122
How often is the fleece taken from a sheep?
Normally once a year
123
Where are the finest fibers on any sheep?
Shoulder
124
Where are the coarsest fibers on a sheep?
Hind leg
125
What is the average fiber diameter for a fine fleece?
14 to 15 Microns
126
What unit of measurement is used to measure the diameter of fibers in sheep wool?
Microns
127
What is the average diameter for a course fleece?
40 to 45 Microns
128
What is an older system of determining fiber diameter?
Spinning Count
129
What does a high spinning count tell about the fiber diameter in sheep wool?
Finer fiber diameter
130
What does a low spinning count tell about the fiber diameter in sheep wool?
More course fiber diameter
131
What does a low micron number tell about the fiber diameter in sheep wool?
Finer fiber diameter
132
What does a higher micron number tell about the fiber diameter in sheep wool?
More course fiber diameter
133
What color wool do most commercial buyers prefer?
White
134
Why do most commercial buyers of wool prefer white wool color?
So they can dye it
135
What breed of sheep produces natural colored wool?
Almost all breeds do
136
What is responsible for natural colored wool being available in almost all breeds of sheep?
Selective breeding
137
How is fiber strength determined?
Pulling on both ends of a tuft of wool
138
When is wool considered tender?
When it breaks easily ans uneven
139
What is wool called when it breaks at the same length?
Broken wool
140
What locks wool fibers together in a way that prevents them from expanding to their original size; commonly occurring when washing and drying wool garments?
Felting
141
What does wool with more crimp tell about the fiber diameter?
Smaller fiber diameter
142
What is a castrated male hog called?
Barrow
143
What is a male hog that has not been castrated called?
Boar
144
What is the term for ears that stand up as opposed to droop?
Erect
145
What is to give birth to a litter of pigs
Farrow
146
What is the amount of time from breeding to birth?
Gestation
147
What is an immature female pig that has not given birth?
Gilt
148
What is the fat from a pig called?
Lard
149
What is a group of pigs born from a sow?
Litter
150
What is a general Latin term relating to all pigs?
Porcine
151
What is the meat from pigs called?
Pork
152
What is a mature female hog that has farrowed a litter of pigs?
Sow
153
What is the removal of young animals from their mothers?
Wean
154
What is Oklahoma's second largest livestock enterprise?
Swine
155
How do pigs stay cool?
They wallow in mud
156
Why do pigs wallow in mud to stay cool?
Pigs do not have the ability to sweat
157
Pigs are just as intelligent as what animal?
Dogs
158
During what early time period is there evidence that humans may have used pigs?
Neolithic
159
Who were the first humans to domesticate pigs?
Chinese
160
Perhaps as early as when did the Chinese first domesticate pigs?
7000 B.C.
161
By what year were Europeans raising pigs?
1500 B.C.
162
How much pork or pork products does the average American eat per year?
More than 60 pounds
163
What street has its name because residents of Manhattan built a wall to protect their dwellings from scavenging pigs?
Wall Street
164
The domestic pig descends from what two types of wild pigs?
Sus Scrofa and Sus Vittatus
165
The Sus Scrofa is a wild boar from where?
Europe
166
The Sus Vittatus is a pig from where?
East Asia
167
What does the genus Sus mean?
Pig
168
Who is credited with starting the first herd of pigs in North America?
Hernando DeSoto
169
How many pigs did Hernando DeSoto bring with him to North America?
13
170
In what city and state did Hernando DeSoto bring his first herd of pigs to North America?
Tampa Bay, Florida
171
By what year did pigs in the Pennsylvania colony number in the thousands?
1660
172
Where did finishing pigs on a corn diet first become common practice?
Pennsylvania
173
Before finishing pigs on a corn diet became common participate in Pennsylvania, how did pigs eat?
Pigs were allowed to scavenge for their food or they were fed household scraps and garbage.
174
What city and state first commercially slaughtered pigs?
Cincinnati, Ohio
175
When were pigs first commercially slaughtered in Cincinnati, Ohio?
Mid 1800's
176
What took place in the latter part of the 19th century that allowed pig production to concentrate in the Midwest "corn belt"?
Refrigerated Transport Became Avilable
177
What state has long been the country's largest producer of swine?
Iowa
178
Before the 1950's, what product produced from swine was used extensively in cooking, as well as soap's and candles?
Lard
179
What products have replaced lard, causing pigs to no longer be needed for their fat?
Vegetable oil and synthetic products
180
What has caused modern pig production to have leaner meat and much less fat?
Health Minded Consumer
181
How are pig breeds identified?
Color, general size and shape, and type of ears
182
What kind of ears do pigs have if their breed name ends with "shire"?
Erect
183
What are three breeds of pig most popular in the United States?
Duroc, Hampshire, and Yorkshire
184
What breed of swine was developed in the United States and is very light golden red to a very dark red in color with no white on their body, medium length body, slightly dished face, with down ears?
Duroc
185
What type of ears does a Duroc have?
Non-Erect
186
What color is the Duroc breed?
Very light golden red to a very dark red.
187
What breed of swine was developed in Kentucky from imported Old English Pigs?
Hampshire
188
Where was the Hampshire breed of swine developed?
Kentucky
189
What is the color pattern for the Hampshire breed of swine?
Body is black with a white "belt" that encircles the shoulders, including the front legs and front feet.
190
What breed of swine has a black body with a white "belt" that encircles the shoulders, including the front feet and front legs?
Hampshire
191
What does the breed name end with if the pigs in that breed have erect ears?
Shire
192
What breed of swine is medium length, heavy muscled, has lean meat, has erect ears, and is "belted"?
Hampshire
193
Where was the Yorkshire breed of swine developed?
York, England
194
What breed of swine has a white body with small erect ears?
Yorkshire
195
What type of ears does a Hampshire hog have?
Erect
196
What type of ears does a Yorkshire hog have?
Erect
197
What breed of swine sports the motto "The mother breed and a whole lot more"?
Yorkshire
198
Where did the Berkshire breed of swine originate?
England
199
What breed of swine is Black with 6 white points, has fast and efficient growth, reproductive efficiency, meatiness, and has small erect ears?
Berkshire
200
What type of ears does the Berkshire breed of swine have?
Erect
201
What are the 6 white points on the Berkshire breed of swine?
Feet, Face, and Tail Tip
202
What breed of swine at one time was a popular lard breed?
Berkshire
203
What breed of swine has an all white body with drooping ears?
Chester White
204
What breed of swine was developed in a country in southwest Pennsylvania in the early part of the 19th century?
Chester White
205
In what country in the Southwest Pennsylvania was the Chester White breed of swine developed in the early part of the 19th century?
Chester
206
During what time period was the Chester White breed of swine developed in Chester Country Pennsylvania?
Early part of 19th Century
207
How many pigs on average are weaned per litter from a Chester White Sow?
More than 11
208
What breed of swine is known to be prolific, have good mothering ability, durability, soundness, and have droopy ears?
Chester White
209
What do the letters NSR stand for?
National Swine Registry
210
When was the National Swine Registry formed?
1994
211
What 4 breeds were combined to create the NSR?
Hampshire, Landrance, Duroc, and Yorkshire
212
What 4 breeds represent 87 percent of the total purebred hog population in the United States?
Hampshire, Landrance, Duroc, and Yorkshire
213
The Hampshire, Landrance, Duroc, and Yorkshire breeds of swine make up what percent of the total purebred hog population in the United States?
87%
214
What is the website address for the National Swine Registry?
www.nationalswine.com
215
What is monitored by the NSR and has led to incredible advances in the past few years for the Yorkshire, Hampshire, Landrace, and Duroc breeds?
Genetic Trends
216
What organization can be found online at www.nationalswine.com?
National Swine Registry
217
What breed of swine's roots can be traced to the Poland China?
Spot
218
What two states are known for largely developing the spot breed of swine?
Ohio and Indiana
219
What breed of swine was largely developed in Ohio and Indiana?
Spot
220
What was the spot breed of swine originally known as?
Spotted Poland China
221
What year was the Poland China dropped from the Spotted Poland China's name
1960
222
What is the ideal ratio of black to white for the Spot breed of swine?
50% black and 50% white
223
What type of ears does the spot breed of swine have?
Forward leaning or drooped
224
What breed of swine is fast gaining and feed efficient, has non-erect ears, ans is colored 50% black and 50% white?
Spot
225
Where was the Poland China breed developed?
Ohio
226
What breed of swine is black with 6 points and drooping ears?
Poland China
227
What are the 6 points on the Poland China hog?
Feet, nose, and tail tip
228
What breed of swine was originally known as a lard-type hog that is black with 6 white points and non-erect?
Poland China
229
What type of hog was the Poland China breed of swine originally known as?
Lard-type
230
What breed of swine looks similar to the Chester White however is longer bodied and has larger ears?
American Landrace
231
What is the Landrace breed of swine known for?
Mothering ability, prolific litters averaging 10 to 2 pigs per litter
232
What type of hog is the Poland China breed of swine known for today?
Meat-type
233
What parts of a hog are the main focuses when evaluating muscle?
Ham, Loin, and Rump
234
The ham, loin, and rump are the main focus when evaluating a hog for what?
Muscle
235
What part of a hog are often viewed when evaluating the animal for fatness?
Jowl, Shoulders, and Loin
236
The jowl, shoulders and loin are often viewed when evaluating a hog for what?
Fat
237
How many pigs will swine give birth to on average?
8 to 10 pigs
238
How long is the average gestation period for female swine?
114 days
239
Depending upon facilities, care, and production schedule, when is a litter of pigs weaned?
3 to 6 weeks
240
Weaning a litter of pigs at 3 to 6 weeks of age depends on what 3 factors?
Facilities, care and production schedule
241
In some cultures, laws were handed down that pork was from what kind of animal and therefore should not be eaten?
An unclean animal
242
What precious commodity was used to preserve pork prior to the invention of refrigeration and freezing?
Salt
243
What is one area that swine has contributed in unique ways that other animals cannot duplicate?
Human Health Care
244
What two physiological systems in swine are very similar to humans?
Cardiovascular and Digestive
245
Pigs used fro medical research are not slaughtered for what?
Human Consumption
246
What animal has been used for research on diabetes, alcoholism, gastrointestinal diseases, people ulcers, liver transplant studies, wound healing, and plastic surgery?
Swine
247
How many kinds of medications are swine the source of?
Over 40
248
Cellophane, floor waxes, insulation, plastics, and marches are examples of products containing what from slaughtered pigs?
Fatty Acids and Glycerin
249
What part of a pig is used to help human heart patients?
Pig Heart Valves
250
Where is insulin taken from that allows diabetes treatment?
Pig's Pancreas Gland
251
Bone china, glass, glue, porcelain, and water filters are examples of products created from what in slaughtered pigs?
Bones
252
Chalk and crayons are examples of products that contain what from slaughtered pigs?
Fatty Acids and Glycerin
253
Cement, antifreeze, rubber, insecticides, and wee killers are examples of products containing what from pigs?
Fatty Acids and Glycerin
254
What is created from the blood of slaughtered pigs?
Fabric Dye
255
What from a slaughtered pig is used to make artist's brushes?
Hair
256
What is a football often referred to as because the leather used to make them comes from pigs?
Pigskin
257
What year did the World Health Organization label swine flu a pandemic?
2009
258
What is swine flu also known as?
H1N1
259
Why was H1N1 first called swine flu?
It was believed to have originated in swine.
260
What do producers use in order to identify pigs?
Universal Ear Notching System
261
What do notches in the pig's right ear identify?
Litter Number
262
What ear has notches that identify the pig's litter number?
Right
263
What do notches in the pig's left ear identify?
Individual pig number
264
Which ear has the notches that identify the individual pig number?
Left
265
In the universal ear notching system, what is each ear divided into?
Numbered quadrants
266
How many notches are allowed in each numbered quadrant when ear notching pigs?
2
267
What does each notch in the outside lower quadrant of the pig's ear represent?
1
268
What does each notch in the outside upper quadrant of the pig's ear represent?
3
269
What does each notch in the inside upper quadrant of the pig's ear represent?
9
270
What does each notch in the inside lower quadrant of the pig's ear represent?
27
271
In addition to 2 notches being used in each quadrant of the pig's ear, where else can a notch be made?
The tip of the pig's ear
272
What is the range of numbers that may be represented using the universal ear notching system?
All numbers between 1 and 161
273
Why is the largest hog population concentrated in the Midwest?
Abundance of grain available in this area for producers to feed their pigs.
274
What is the name used to describe the Midwest area where the largest hog population resided?
Corn Belt
275
What three breeds of pigs are known for their mothering ability?
Yorkshire, Chester White, and American Landrace
276
What word in a breed name will indicate erect ears?
Shire
