Animals

Question 1

What type of nutrition do plants use?

Answer 1

Autotrophic nutrition through photosynthesis

Question 2

How do animals obtain their organic molecules?

Answer 2

By ingesting other organisms or non-living organic material

Question 3

What is the primary nutritional mode of fungi?

Answer 3

Heterotrophic nutrition with external digestion

Question 4

From what type of organisms did animals evolve?

Answer 4

Single cell flagellate Protists

Question 5

What are the two major groups of multicellular eukaryotes?

Answer 5

• Animals
• Plants

Question 6

What do animals store their carbohydrate reserves as?

Answer 6

Glycogen

Question 7

What do plants use to store their carbohydrate reserves?

Answer 7

Starch

Question 8

What type of walls do animals lack that are present in plants?

Answer 8

Cellulose walls

Question 9

What types of tissues do animals have for movement and impulse conduction?

Answer 9

• Nervous tissue
• Muscle tissue

Question 10

What is the predominant mode of reproduction in most animals?

Answer 10

Sexual reproduction

Question 11

What common problems must all animals solve?

Answer 11

• Extract oxygen
• Nourish themselves
• Excrete waste
• Move

Question 12

What is a structural adaptation of the hawkmoth for feeding?

Answer 12

Long, tonguelike proboscis

Question 13

True or False: Natural selection is the only mechanism for adaptation in organisms.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What physiological response allows the hawkmoth to forage in cold temperatures?

Answer 14

Shivering-like mechanism for preflight warm-up

Question 15

What is the first branch point in the traditional phylogenetic tree of animals?

Answer 15

Splitting of Parazoa and Eumetazoa

Question 16

What do Parazoa lack that Eumetazoa possess?

Answer 16

True tissues

Question 17

What is a key characteristic of the phylum Porifera?

Answer 17

Sponges with unique development and structural simplicity

Question 18

What type of symmetry do Cnidaria and Ctenophora exhibit?

Answer 18

Radial symmetry

Question 19

What is the significance of bilateral symmetry in animals?

Answer 19

Associated with cephalization and active movement

Question 20

What are the two germ layers present in Radiata?

Answer 20

• Ectoderm
• Endoderm

Question 21

What additional germ layer do Bilateria have?

Answer 21

Mesoderm

Question 22

What do acoelomates lack?

Answer 22

A body cavity

Question 23

What is a pseudocoelom?

Answer 23

A body cavity not completely lined by mesoderm

Question 24

What are coelomates characterized by?

Answer 24

A true coelom completely lined by mesoderm

Question 25

What are the functions of a body cavity?

Answer 25

* Cushions internal organs * Functions as a hydrostatic skeleton * Allows internal organs to grow and move independently

Question 26

What are the two grades of coelomate phyla based on development?

Answer 26

* Protostomes * Deuterostomes

Question 27

What type of cleavage do many protostomes undergo?

Answer 27

Spiral cleavage

Question 28

What is determinate cleavage?

Answer 28

When the fate of each embryonic cell is determined early

Question 29

What type of cleavage do deuterostomes typically show?

Answer 29

Radial cleavage

Question 30

What is indeterminate cleavage?

Answer 30

Each cell retains the capacity to develop into a complete embryo

Question 31

What is the process of coelom formation in protostomes?

Answer 31

Schizocoelous development

Question 32

How do deuterostomes form their coelomic cavities?

Answer 32

Enterocoelous development

Question 33

What is the fate of the blastopore in protostomes?

Answer 33

Develops into the mouth

Question 34

What does the blastopore typically develop into in deuterostomes?

Answer 34

The anus