Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AC: Ethics Quiz Prep > Animals in Society: Part B (Wild & Captive Animals - Welfare) > Flashcards

Animals in Society: Part B (Wild & Captive Animals - Welfare) Flashcards

1
Q

Learning Outcomes

Wild and captive welfare

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Human have ___________ over animals whether we like it or not. We choose how they are kept.

A

dominance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Humans have controlled what is necessary for (a)_________ and good (b)__________.

A

(a) survival
(b) welfare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Species that allow themselves to be ______________ have secured better survival.

A

domesticated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Using a (a)_________ (b)________, we can use the (c)________ to make better (d)____________ for animal care and welfare.

A

(a) scientific
(b) approach
(c) results
(d) recommendations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

It is crucial that we understand how animals (a)_________ and (b)________ the world in order to achieve good welfare.

A

(a) percieve
(b) interpret

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An animals welfare is not dependent on what we think, feel or our intentions for them but instead our ________.

A

actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The mind of an animal and the perception of our own welfare is determined by:

(1)___________

(Hint: species and breeding)

(2)_____________

(Hint: experience and interpretation of the experience)

A

(1) Genetics
(2) Education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The definition of welfare has changed over the years and now indicates (a)_______ on a (b)______.

A

(a) health
(b) scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Captivity vs. Wild

The ‘wild’ is an unpredictable _____________ that provides constant challenges.

A

environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Captivity vs. Wild

List 4 factors that threaten the health and survival of an animal.

(4 answers)

A
  1. Predators
  2. Food Availability
  3. Weather
  4. Illness

*image attached

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Wild Animals

The ability for a wild animal to cope with these factors depends on:

  1. Places to (a)_____ and (b)_____.
  2. Availabilty of _________.
  3. _________ of the terrain.
  4. _____________ (other adults or young), hint: a member of the same species
A
  1. (a) hide, (b) rest
  2. resources
  3. Geography
  4. Conspecifics (a member of the same species)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Wild Animals - Active vs. Sedentary

lifestyle in captivity

Pre-reading:

“We found that mammals from zoo populations generally lived longer than their wild counterparts [-]

(84% of species).”

Source: Tidière, M., Gaillard, JM., Berger, V. et al. Comparative analyses of longevity and senescence reveal variable survival benefits of living in zoos across mammals. Sci Rep 6, 36361 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep36361

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Wild Animals - Active vs. Sedentary

lifestyle in captivity

Pre-reading:

“The effect was most notable in species with a faster pace of life (i.e. a short life span, high reproductive rate and high mortality in the wild) because zoos evidently offer protection against a number of relevant conditions like predation, intraspecific competition and diseases.”

Source: Tidière, M., Gaillard, JM., Berger, V. et al. Comparative analyses of longevity and senescence reveal variable survival benefits of living in zoos across mammals. Sci Rep 6, 36361 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep36361

A

Next: activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Wild Animals - Active vs. Sedentary

lifestyle in captivity

ACTIVITY

“The effect was most notable in species with a (1)_______ pace of life.

[e.g. a (2)_____ life span, (3)_____ reproductive rate and (4)_____ mortality in the (5)___] because zoos evidently offer (6)___________ against a number of relevant conditions like (7)__________, (8)________ ____________ and (9)________.”

A
  1. faster
  2. short
  3. high
  4. high
  5. wild
  6. protection
  7. predation (predators)
  8. intraspecific competition
  9. diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Wild Animals - Active vs. Sedentary

lifestyle in captivity

Pre-reading

“Species with a slower pace of life (i.e. a long life span, low reproduction rate and low mortality in the wild) benefit less from captivity in terms of longevity; in such species, there is probably less potential for a reduction in mortality.”

Source: Tidière, M., Gaillard, JM., Berger, V. et al. Comparative analyses of longevity and senescence reveal variable survival benefits of living in zoos across mammals. Sci Rep 6, 36361 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep36361

A

Next: activity

17
Q

Wild Animals - Active vs. Sedentary

lifestyle in captivity

ACTIVITY

Species with a (1)_______ pace of life… e.g. a (2)____ life span, (3)___ reproduction (4)____ and (5)___ mortality in the wild) benefit (6)___ from captivity in terms of (7)_________; in such species, there is probably (8)___ potential for a (9)_________ in (10)_______.

A
  1. slower
  2. long
  3. low
  4. rate
  5. low
  6. less
  7. longevity
  8. less
  9. reduction
  10. (10) mortality
18
Q

Wild Vs. Captivity

Social Grouping

Pre-reading:

  • Group size is one of the most important factors influencing the formation and maintenance of successful social groups in captivity.
  • For zoos, appropriate social groupings are of the utmost importance to provide examples of species-typical behaviors, as well as attain captive breeding goals.
  • In the wild, group-living evolved largely in response to the need for predator avoidance and territory defense.
  • The number of members in wild groups is a fundamental determinant of individual fitness, affecting net food intake and reproductive success.
  • Captive animals encounter different environmental pressures than their wild counterparts; food availability and predation are no longer concerns, however they still face competition for mates and are unable to make the social adjustments necessary to decrease social tension.
  • As such, group size has a large impact on the behavior, welfare and reproductive success of captive animals.
  • Depending on the species, suboptimal sizes can be associated with increased abnormal behaviors and decreased reproductive success and infant survival in a range of captive mammals.
  • However, in the absence of environmental constraints, many species can be housed in a greater diversity of social groups than observed in the wild. Thus, a key component of captive housing is flexibility.

Source: Price, Elizabeth & Stoinski, Tara. (2007). Group size: Determinants in the wild and implications for the captive housing of wild mammals in zoos. Applied Animal Behaviour Science - APPL ANIM BEHAV SCI. 103. 255-264. 10.1016/j.applanim.2006.05.021.

A

Next: activities

19
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 1

Group size is one of the most important (1)_______ influencing the (2)_______ and (3)___________ of successful (4)____ groups in (5)______.

A
  1. factors
  2. formation
  3. maintenance
  4. social
  5. captivity
20
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 2

For zoos, appropriate social groupings are important to provide (1)______ of (2)_____-_____ (3)________, as well as attain captive (4)_______ goals.

A
  1. examples
  2. species-typical
  3. behaviors
  4. breeding
21
Q

Social Grouping: ​Activity 3

In the (1)____, group-living (2)______ largely in response to the need for (3)_______ (4)_________ and (5)______ (6)______.

A
  1. wild
  2. evolved
  3. predator
  4. avoidance
  5. territory
  6. defense
22
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 4

The number of (1)______ in wild groups is a (2)_________ (3)_________ of individual (4)______, affecting (5)___ food intake and (6)____________ success.

A
  1. members
  2. fundamental
  3. determinant (a factor which decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.)
  4. fitness
  5. net
  6. reproductive
23
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 5

(1)______animals encounter different (2)_________ pressures than their (3)____ counterparts; (4) ____-________ and (5)_______ are no longer concerns, however they still face competition for (6)_____ and are unable to make the (7)______ adjustments necessary to (8)________ social tension.

A
  1. captive
  2. environmental
  3. wild
  4. food-availability
  5. predation
  6. mates
  7. social
  8. decrease
24
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 6

Group size has a large (1)_____ on the (2)________, (3)______ and (4)_________success of (5)______ animals.

A
  1. impact
  2. behaviour
  3. welfare
  4. reproductive
  5. captive
25
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 7

Depending on the species, (1)_______ sizes can be associated with (2)______ (3) _______ (4)_________ and (5)_______ (6)__________ success and (7)_____ survival in a range of (8)______ mammals.

A
  1. suboptimal
  2. increased
  3. abnormal
  4. behaviours
  5. decreased
  6. reproductive
  7. infant
  8. captive
26
Q

Social Grouping: Activity 8

In the (1)_______ of (2)_________ constraints, many species can be (3)_______in a greater (4)_______ of social groups than observed in the (5)____.

Thus, a key (6)_________ of (7)______ housing is (8)________.

A
  1. absence
  2. environmental
  3. housed
  4. diversity
  5. wild
  6. component
  7. captive
  8. flexibility
27
Q

*Wild Welfare

In the wild, welfare may be compromised or considered to be of a poor standard.

True or False?

A

True

28
Q

*Wild Welfare

A wild animals welfare can be considered poor, even though it is at liberty (free will) to make it’s own decisions?

True or False?

A
29
Q

*Wild Welfare

Successful decisions (of a wild animal**) = _______________

A

adaption

30
Q

*Wild Welfare

Unsuccessful decisions (of a wild animal) = _______________

A

death

31
Q

Captive Animals

  • Captive and domesticated animals* have to deal with humans (e.e caretakers, transport).
  • This can (a)____ or (b)_____ an animal dealing with the challenges it faces.
A

(a) help
(b) hinder

32
Q

Captive Animals 2

Captive and domesticated animals live in highly (a)________ and (b)_________ environments.

They can be challeneged (c)________ or (d)___ __ __.

Example:

A companion cat may have access to food, comfort and an absence of fear - but also experience suffering.

Learning:

Welfare is dependent on challenges and an animals ability to cope/ deal with them.

A

(a) predictable
(b) structured
(c) frequently
(d) not at all

33
Q

Captive Animals: True or False?

Lifespan should not be considered essential for welfare

True or False?

A

True

34
Q

Captive Animals: True or False?

Animals do not live in fear of death

True or False?

A

True

35
Q

Captive Animals: True or False?

With exception of a few species - e.g. Primates and maybe elephants the majority of animals are unconcerned about fellow species being dead.

True or False?

A

True

AC: Ethics Quiz Prep (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions