Anki

Question 1

List the types of hormone therapy used in prostate cancer

Answer 1

GnRH analogues e.g. goserelin (zoladex)

Antiandrogens

• Steroidal e.g. cyproterone acetate
• Non-steroidal e.g. bicalutamide

Orchidectomy

Question 2

List the types of primary renal cancer

Answer 2

Most common:

• Renal cell carcinoma (large majority)
• Transitional cell carcinoma

All the rest

• Oncocytoma
• Collecting duct tumour
• Renal sarcoma
• Wilm’s tumour

Question 3

List the types of testicular cancer

Answer 3

Germ cell (large majority)

• Seminomas
• Teratomas

Sex-cord or stromal

• Leydig (interstitial cell) tumours
• Sertoli cell tumours

Other

• Lymphoma
• Leukaemia

Question 4

What are the adverse effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors?

Answer 4

Sexual dysfunction:

• Erectile
• Ejactulatory
• Libido

CVS
-Postural hypotension

Breast
-Gynaecomastia (small risk)

Question 5

What are the adverse effects of tamsulosin?

Answer 5

Postural hypotension

headaches

ejactulatory dysfunction

Rhinitis

Question 6

What are the causes of balanitis?

Answer 6

Infection

• Candida
• Staphylococci
• Streptococci

Neoplasia
-Penile cancer

Inflammatory

• Circinate balanitis in reactive arthritis
• Lichen sclerosis

Question 7

What are the causes of epididymo-orchitis?

Answer 7

Infection

• UTI (E. coli)
• STI
• Mumps
• TB

Inflammatory
-Behcet disease

Question 8

What are the causes of priapism?

Answer 8

Primary (idiopathic)

Secondary
-Prothrombotic state e.g. sickle cell disease

• Venous obstruction e.g. pelvic malignancy
• Trauma e.g. intracavernous injections