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MSK 1 > ankle anatomy review > Flashcards

ankle anatomy review Flashcards

1
Q

tibia and fibular are concave or convex on the talus

A

concave on the convex talar dome

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2
Q

Talocrural

A

articulation between tibia/fibula and talus

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3
Q

Subtalar joint

A

articulation between the talus and calcaneus

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4
Q

does the Fibula have a function in WB

A

no - mainly serves as a muscle attachment

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5
Q

Rearfoot v. forefoot

A

talonavicular and calcanealcuboid joint mark the line of separation between the rearfoot and the forefoot

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6
Q

rearfoot

A

talus and calcaneus

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7
Q
  • Forefoot
A

everything distal of the talus and calcaneus

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8
Q
  • Midfoot
A

Midtarsal joint has 2 articulations 1. talo-navicular, 2. Calcaneal-cuboid

made up by these two jts

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9
Q

which brach deal with the majority of body weight

A

medial long - the arch is built to distribute loads

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10
Q

medial long distal to proximal

A

1st Metatarsal, 1st Cuneiform, Navicular, Calcaneus

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11
Q

medial long flexibility

A

It is flexible, and is allowed to deform with each ground contact…absorbing shock

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12
Q

medial long is supported by what what muscle tendons

A

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, and peroneus longus tendons.

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13
Q

distal to proximal lateral long brach

A

5th metatarsal – cuboid - calcaneus

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14
Q

Lateral to medial transverse arach

A

– Lateral cuneiform – middle cuneiform – medial cuneiform

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15
Q

Anterior tibiofibular - what injury

A

high ankle sprain

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16
Q

Anterior tibiofibular resists what kind of motion

A

DF + EV

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17
Q

Anterior Talofibular - injury

A

most common

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18
Q

Anterior Talofibular stressed in what movement

A

INV+PF

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19
Q

where do we find the Anterior Talofibular

A

lateral malleolus to the neck of talus

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20
Q
  1. Calcaneal fibular resist what movement
A

straight inversion

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21
Q

Calcaneal fibular where

A

tip of lateral malleolus to lateral surface of calcaneus

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22
Q

Posterior talofibular resist what motion

A

resist INV + DF

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23
Q

Posterior Tibiofibular helps with what

A

helps reinforce the posterior aspect of the distal tib-fib joint

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24
Q

subtler joint ligaments are more associated with what kind of injury

A

“chronic ankle sprains”

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25
Q

Cervical Ligament connects what

A

is a subtalar ligament
connecting the talus to the calcaneus

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26
Q

Cuneonavicular is what kind of ligament

A

plantar ligament

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27
Q

Cuneonavicular is from where to where

A

the cuneiform – navicular

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28
Q

Cuneonavicular provides what kind of reinforcement

A

reinforcement to the medial arch

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29
Q

Long Plantar helps to reinforce what part of the foot

A

medial arch

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30
Q

Long Plantar runs from where to where

A

Plantar surface of calcaneus to plantar surface of Cuboid

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31
Q

Plantar Fascia travels from

A

originates from the anterior medial calcaneal tubercle and expands out the toes

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32
Q

Anterior Compartment nerve

A

Deep Peroneal Nerve

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33
Q

Deep Peroneal Nerve levels

A

(L4-S1)

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34
Q

Superficial Peroneal N levels

A

L5 – S2

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35
Q

Anterior Compartment contains

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallicus Longus

all DF

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36
Q

Deep Posterior Compartment:

A

Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallicus Longus

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37
Q

Deep Posterior Compartment innervation

A

Tibial N –
TP: L4-5
FDL: S2,3
FHL: S2,3

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38
Q

Superficial Posterior Compartment:

A

Plantaris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

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39
Q

Superficial Posterior Compartment innervation

A

Tibial N (S1,2)

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40
Q

Lateral Compartment:

A

Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis

41
Q

lateral compartment innervation

A

Superficial Peroneal N

42
Q

Selective tissue tension testing

A

compare the results from AROM, PROM, RROM to rule in/out specific tissue.

43
Q

Tibialis Anterior action

A

DF and inversion

44
Q

Tibialis Anterior origin

A

lateral condyle + superior half of lateral surface of tibia

45
Q

Tibialis Anterior insertion

A

medial cueniform + base of 1st met

46
Q

Ext Digitorum action

A

action DF and EV and ext digits

47
Q

Ext Digitorum origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia

48
Q

EXT digitorum insertion

A

middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

49
Q

Ext Hallicus Longus action

A

action DF and EV and ext great toe

50
Q

Ext Hallicus Longus origin

A

anterior surface of fibula + interosseus membrane

51
Q

Ext Hallicus Longus insertion

A

base of distal phalanx

52
Q

Gastrocnemius originates

A

medial and lateral femoral condyle

53
Q

does the gastroc cross the knee

A

yes, therefore it will have implications in exam and treatment

54
Q

gastroc action

A

PF

55
Q

does the soleus cross the knee

A

no

56
Q

soleus action

A

PF

57
Q

soleus important

A

important in maintaining standing posture

58
Q

Plantaris help with what movement

A

flex the knee

59
Q

tibialis posterior insertion

A

insertion is Navicular and 1st Cuneiform

help to stabilize the arch

60
Q

tarsal tunnel order

A

tibialis posterior tendon, FDL tendon, posterior tibial artery and vein, posterior tibial nerve, and FHL tendon

61
Q

all 3 muscles in the deep posterior compartment do what

A

PF + Inv

62
Q

Tibialis Posterior action

A

PF + Inv

63
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus actions

A

PF and inverts the foot and flexes the toes (2-5)

64
Q

Flexor Hallicus Longus

A

Action – PF and inverts the foot and flexes the great toe

65
Q

what compartment plays a role in the dynamic stability role in resisting pronation at the foot.

A

deep posterior compartment

66
Q

action of the peronous Longus and braves

A

PF and ev

PL - PF the first ray

67
Q

Peroneus Longus insertion

A

1st metatarsal – phalangeal joint

68
Q

what is the first ray

A

1st metatarsal – phalangeal joint

69
Q

how is first ray important in gait cycle

A

you need this 1st ray to be stable when pushing off - counter DF force from ground

70
Q

Peroneus Brevis insertion

A

attaches at styloid of 1st met

71
Q

FDB location

A

1st layer in the sole of the foot

72
Q

FDB innervation

A
  • Medial plantar N (S2, 3)
73
Q

FDB action

A
  • flexes lateral 4 digits
74
Q

Abductor Hallicus action

A

abducts the great toe

75
Q

Abductor Hallicus origin

A
  • medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneu
76
Q

Abductor Hallicus insertion

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

77
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi action

A

abducts the 5th toe

78
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi origin

A

medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus

79
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi insertion

A

lateral side of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

80
Q

Lumbricales action

A

act to stabilize the metatarsal phalangeal joint

flex MTP, Ext DIP’s and PIP” (L)

81
Q

Lumbricales innervation

A

*Medial one – medial plantar nerve (S2,3)
*lateral three – lateral plantar nerve (S2,3)

82
Q

Quadratus Plantae role

A

very important – attaches onto a common tendon of the FDL tendon – helps redirect the line of pull into straight plane flexion

83
Q

Anterior Compartment vasculature

A

ant tibial art

84
Q

lateral compartment vasc

A

none

85
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome presentation

A

Burning / pins & needles / temperature changes in the plantar aspect of the foot

86
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome due to

A

Neurovascular compromise of the Tibial N or Posterior Tibial Artery

87
Q

mechanism of tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

Space occupying lesion in the tarsal tunnel that creates compression

Swollen, inflamed tendon
Increased fluid and swelling in tarsal tunnel
Mass of tissue

88
Q

Posterior Tibial A branches into

A

Medial Plantar A

Lateral Plantar A

89
Q

DF normal range

A

10-15

90
Q

PF range

A

30-50

91
Q

how much MTP motion do you need for regular gait

A

ext and flexion = 70-75

92
Q

what is more mobile pronation or supination

A

pronation

93
Q

loading to mid stance is our foot pronated or supinated

A

pronation

94
Q

why do we want pronation during mid stance

A

Improves shock absorption

Foot becomes more adaptable to changing terrain

More stable base of support

95
Q

Mid-stance to toe off - supinated or pronated

A

supinates - - - - forefoot becomes more rigid

96
Q

why do we want the foot supinated during toe off

A

Provides a more rigid lever for efficient push-off

97
Q

subtalar joint in pronation - leads to what change in the knees

A

the knees are slightly more in IR and valgus

98
Q

subtalar joint is in supination - leads to what change in the knees

A

patella’s are pointing much more laterally in this view indicating ER of the femur

MSK 1 (14 decks)

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