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Applied: Exam 2 > Ankle & Foot > Flashcards

Ankle & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

The talocrural joint forms the __________ __________ which allows for what movements?

A

ankle mortise, dorsiflexion & plantarflexion

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2
Q

What muscles assist with ankle plantarflexion?

A
  • gastrocnemius
  • soleus
  • tibialis posterior
  • plantaris
  • fibularis longus & brevis
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3
Q

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the lower leg?

A

Tibial n.

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4
Q

What muscles assist with ankle dorsiflexion?

A
  • tibialis anterior
    -extensor digitorum longus
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • fibularis tertius
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5
Q

What muscles assist with ankle inversion?

A
  • tibialis posterior
  • flexor digitorum longus
  • flexor hallucis longus
  • tibialis anterior
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6
Q

What muscles assist with ankle eversion?

A
  • fibularis longus, brevis & tertius
  • extensor digitorum longus
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7
Q

What nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

A

superficial fibular N

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8
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

A

deep fibular N

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9
Q

Which is convex and concave in the talocrural joint?

A

convex = talus
concave = tibia

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10
Q

Describe the roll & glide during open-chain ankle dorsiflexion.

A

anterior roll, posterior glide

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11
Q

Describe the roll & glide during open-chain ankle plantarflexion.

A

posterior roll, anterior glide

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12
Q

Describe the roll & glide during closed-chain ankle dorsiflexion.

A

anterior roll, anterior glide

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13
Q

What movements at the ankle occur in the sagittal plane?

A

plantarflexion & dorsiflexion

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14
Q

What deformities can occur at the ankle that affect movements in the sagittal plane?

A

pes equinus & pes calcaneus

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15
Q

Pes equinus

A

foot is held in plantarflexion

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16
Q

Pec calcaneus

A

foot is held in dorsiflexion

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17
Q

Which movements at the ankle occur in the frontal plane?

A

inversion & eversion

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18
Q

What deformities can occur at the ankle that affect movements that occur in the frontal plane?

A

varus & valgus

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19
Q

Varus (ankle)

A

foot held in inversion

20
Q

Valgus (ankle)

A

foot held in eversion

21
Q

What movements occur at the ankle in the transverse plane?

A

abduction & adduction

22
Q

What deformities can occur at the ankle that affect movements in the transverse plane?

A

abductus & adductus

23
Q

Abductus (ankle)

A

foot held in abducted position

24
Q

Adductus

A

foot held in adducted position

25
Q

What triplanar movements occur with closed-kinetic chain supination?

A

abduction
inversion
dorsiflexion

26
Q

What triplanar movements occur with open-chain supination?

A

adduction
inversion
plantarflexion

27
Q

What deformity can occur that affects triplanar movement in CKC supination?

A

pes cavus

28
Q

What is a pes cavus foot? What movement does it cause difficulty with?

A

high arch

difficulty w/pronation

29
Q

What triplanar movements occur with CKC pronation?

A

adduction
eversion
plantarflexion

30
Q

What triplanar movements occur with open-chain pronation?

A

abduction
eversion
dorsiflexion

31
Q

What deformity can occur that affects triplanar movement in CKC pronation?

A

pes planus

32
Q

What is a pes planus foot? What movement does it cause difficulty with?

A

flat foot

difficulty w/supination

33
Q

What movement do the deltoid ligaments of the ankle limit?

A

eversion

34
Q

What movement do the lateral ligaments of the ankle limit?

A

eversion

35
Q

What are the lateral ligaments of the ankle?

A

anterior talofibular
posterior talofibular
calcaneofibular

36
Q

Which ligaments are usually involved with a low ankle sprain?

A

deltoid, anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular

37
Q

What ligaments are usually involved with a high ankle sprain?

A

anterior & posterior talofibular

38
Q

What are the key ligaments of the foot?

A

long plantar & spring ligament

39
Q

Long plantar ligament - where does it run? what does it do?

A

extends from the calcaneus to the cuboid and lateral metatarsals

provides structural stability to lateral side of foot

40
Q

Spring ligament - where does it run? what does it do?

A

calcaneus to navicular bones

supports medial longitudinal arch

41
Q

What is the function of the medial longitudinal ligament?

A

load bearing & shock absorbing

42
Q

What is the function of the plantar fascia?

A

provides passive support to medial longitudinal ligament

43
Q

What is the transverse arch formed by?

A

cuneiforms & cuboid

44
Q

A front squat requires more ankle ______________________.

A

dorsiflexion

45
Q

What individuals benefit from using a front squat? Why?

A

individuals w/back pain

shorter moment arm on back = less torque

46
Q

What individuals benefit from using a low bar back squat? Why?

A

individuals w/bad knees or w/longer femurs

shorter moment arm on knees = less torque

Applied: Exam 2 (4 decks)

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