Ankle Inversion Sprain

Question 1

What is a sprain?

Answer 1

Damage to ligament.

Question 2

How does an ankle sprain occur? (Mechanism)

Answer 2

Rolling of the ankle outwards.
Inversion and plantarflexion in combination.
Often as a result of a sudden change in direction.

Question 3

What damage does an ankle sprain do?

Answer 3

Damages the lateral ligaments of the ankle.
The calcaneofibular ligament and the anterior talofibular ligament.
Anterior talofibular most at risk because it is stretched in plantarflexion whereas the calcaneofibular is not.

Question 4

What are the symptoms of an ankle sprain?

Answer 4

Rapid swelling in combination with pain.

Question 5

How are sprain injuries graded?

Answer 5

1 = no loss of function, just pain and swelling.
2= some loss of function.
3 = total (or near to) loss of function.

Question 6

How is an ankle sprain treated?

Answer 6

RICE to limit haemorrhaging
Avoid activities that promote blood flow to affected area (hot showers/baths)
Non-steroid anti-inflammorities to reduce swelling
Slow return to weight bearing
Stretches to return to full range of motion
Muscle conditioning and strengthening as soon as pain allows
Proprioceptiom training required
Functional exercises when no pain