ANNELIDA

Question 1

Where are they found?

Answer 1

Terrestrial, marine, and freshwater

Question 2

Segmented or unsegmented?

Answer 2

Segmented (repeating segments)

Question 3

triploblastic or diploblastic?

Answer 3

triploblastic

Question 4

acoelomate, no coelom, or true coelomate

Answer 4

true coelomate

Question 5

complete or incomplete gut?

Answer 5

complete gut

Question 6

what type of circulatory system?

Answer 6

closed circulatory system

Question 7

what type of larva?

Answer 7

trochophore

Question 8

protostome or deuterostome?

Answer 8

protostome

Question 9

where is the prostomium?

Answer 9

head

Question 10

where is the peristomium?

Answer 10

mouth

Question 11

where is the pygidium?

Answer 11

anus

Question 12

define homonomous

Answer 12

segments are all the same

Question 13

define heteronomous

Answer 13

segments are different

Question 14

Parapodia with bundles of
_____?

Answer 14

setae

Question 15

what type of muscles?

Answer 15

Longitudinal and circular
muscles along body
Oblique muscles to
parapodia

Question 16

How do annelids move (Free-swimming and crawling species)

Answer 16

• Circular muscles maintain body form.
• Longitudinal muscles in bands within each segment.
  Alternately contract and relax for undulation.
• Parapodia push off substratum during power stroke and
  retract during recovery stroke.

Question 17

How do annelids move (Burrowing species)

Answer 17

• Circular muscles more developed for peristaltic motion.
• Septa perforated so contracting a group of segments
  causes others to extend.

Question 18

explain the nervous system

Answer 18

Cerebral ganglia specialized with different parts that innervate different parts of the worm

Question 19

explain their sense organs

Answer 19

Well developed sense organs

Question 20

How do they feed?

Answer 20

Direct deposit feeders
Hunters with large jaws
Selective feeders with tentacles
Filter feeders with radioles

Question 21

describe their digestive system

Answer 21

Foregut: buccal cavity, pharynx
(often eversible) with jaws
and teeth, and glands
Midgut: End of esophagus,
intestine with modified
stomach. Enzyme
production.
Hindgut: Mucus added to fecal
pellets, rectum, anus

Question 22

Do they have a heart?

Answer 22

No real heart

Question 23

Are respiratory organs present?

Answer 23

Yes, parapodia, branchiae in
tentacle crown

Question 24

how to they maintain homeostasis?

Answer 24

Metanephridia

Question 25

Explain their reproduction

Answer 25

No distinct gonads. Gametes formed from peritoneum and cells stored in coelom. Fertilization external. Many free-swimming benthic annelids produce epitokes

Question 26

what type of cleavage?

Answer 26

Holoblastic, spiral cleavage leading to a coeloblastula

Question 27

what type of gastrulation?

Answer 27

Gastrulation by invagination or epiboly

Question 28

Special characteristics of earthworms?

Answer 28

No parapodia and reduced number of setae. Reduced prostomium and peristomium. Clitellum functions in reproduction

Question 29

How do earthworms move?

Answer 29

Peristaltic contractions. Setae used to anchor. Setae can be retracted

Question 30

explain NS and sense receptors of earthworms

Answer 30

Complex nervous system. Tactile and chemoreceptors across body.

Question 31

Specialized areas in an earthworm's foregut?

Answer 31

Crop Gizzard Calciferous glands

Question 32

Specialized areas in an earthworm's midgut?

Answer 32

Typhlosole Chloragogen cells

Question 33

do earthworms have a heart?

Answer 33

2-5 pairs of hearts with valves

Question 34

How do earthworms perform gas exchange?

Answer 34

across skin

Question 35

what types of asexual reproduction in earthworms?

Answer 35

Transverse fission and fragmentation

Question 36

Explain earthworm sexual reproduction

Answer 36

Simultaneous hermaphrodites. Males: testes make sperm which are stored in seminal vesicles. Released into sperm ducts and out male gonopore during copulation. Females: ovaries produce eggs. Released into coelomic space. Spermatheca store mate’s sperm

Question 37

Special characteristics of leeches?

Answer 37

No parapodia and no setae. Even more reduced prostomium and peristomium Anterior and posterior suckers. Dorsoventrally flattened. Ectoparasites.

Question 38

How do leeches move?

Answer 38

Inchworm-like crawling

Question 39

What type of worm?

Answer 39

Leech

Question 40

What type of worm?

Answer 40

Earthworm

Question 41

What type of worm?

Answer 41

Annelid

Question 42

What structure functions in leech reproduction?

Answer 42

Clitellum