Annelida

Question 1

vermiform

Question 2

metamerism

Answer 2

development of multiple repeated segments, develop in Annelids

Question 3

nephridia

Answer 3

waste storage, remove metabolic waste, work like kidneys

Question 4

septa (septum)

Answer 4

thin tissue separating segments internally, keeps each segment independent

Question 5

tagmosis

Answer 5

process by which organism body becomes divided into distinct regions or segments (often called tagmata)

Question 6

setae

Answer 6

bristle-like structures

can be chitinous, calcerous, or siliceous in composition

could possibly allow locomotion

can inject into predators in some instances

Question 7

chaetae

Answer 7

/adjacent to setae

can be chitinous, calcaerous, or siliceous in composition

Question 8

Polychaete

Answer 8

“many setae”

bristleworms

marine and mostly small but can be 10cm-3m

largest group in annelids, many secrete tube and live in it

Question 9

Clitella

Answer 9

“pack saddle”

earthworms and leeches (only groups with clitellum, section of unsegmented area)

Question 10

Oligochaete

Answer 10

Subclass in Annelids

“few setae,” no parapodia, 6% marine, no sense organs in prostomium

so not affected with inevitably used as fish bait lol

reproduction can be sexual, fragmentation, or clonal

Question 11

Hirudinea

Answer 11

no setae, no compartmentalization, clitellum not smooth

segmented externally but not internally

locmotion involves cartwheels (like cnidarians) using their suckers, can be jawed or jawless, most carnivorous or blood sucking

Question 12

Echiura

Answer 12

much decision and calculation to still be made on whether it is a class or phylum

“serpent like” aka spoonworms, sexually dimorphic, have proboscis and cilliated gutter, not segmented as adults

(larva is like earthworms, same gene and promoter regions but different genes in terms of adult development)

Question 13

Sipuncula

Answer 13

subphylum grouping, but much debate on where it belongs in annelid classifcation/overall taxonomy

“little tube” aka peanut worms, no segmentation,

Question 14

Epitoke

Answer 14

sexual posterior portion of the animal, can detach from atoke to swarn with other like them before exploding into cloud of gametes

type of broadcast spawning

seen in Clas Polychaeta

Question 15

atoke

Answer 15

sexual anterior portion of the animal, epitoke detaches from it to swarm

seen in Class Polychaeta

Question 16

paratomy

Answer 16

asexual reproduction in Turbellaria, organisms split in plane perpendicular to antero-posterior axis; can develop in head to tail fashion

forms new organs before fission

Question 17

protandry

Answer 17

when the hermaphroditic organism has male reproductive organs come to maturity before female

Question 18

ciliated gutter

Answer 18

structure seen in class/phylum Echiura

proboscis is folded to form it ventrally

Question 19

introvert

Question 20

parapodia

Answer 20

function in locomotion and gas exchange, associated with setae/bristles

Question 21

trochophore larva

Answer 21

in annelids they develop three ciliary bands (prototroch, telotroch, and metatroch), has additions of segments, lat stages develop bristles and parapodia

Question 22

prostomium

Answer 22

sensitive/cephalic-like region in organism body, structure before mouth; first cephalized body segment in annelid body

Question 23

peristomium

Answer 23

first true body segment in an anellid’s body in the anterior end

Question 24

pygidium

Answer 24

area in trochophore larva development that has segments added to it (posteriorly but just anterior of the structure)

Question 25

teloblastic growth

Answer 25

pattern of growth in annelids where segments develop one at a time from a growth zone just ahead of the pygidium

Question 26

clitellum

Answer 26

fused segmented, smooth on surface but segmented internally