Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BISC 306 > Annelids > Flashcards

Annelids Flashcards

1
Q

what are the roles of parapodia?

A
  • gas exchange (gills)
  • movement (when supported with acicula)
  • protection
  • creating currents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe an annelid’s nervous + sensory system

A
  • each segment has 2 ganglia bundles
  • has 2 ventral nerve cordc
  • brain with eyes (cerebral ganglia)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what two phylogenic groups are within Clitellata (terrestrial and freshwater)?

A

Oligochaeta (earthworms) and Hirudenea (leeches)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does Chaetopteridae feed?

A
  • uses fin parapodia to create current inside tube
  • current pulls water into tube from anterior end and organic matter into mucus bag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does a metanephridium work?

A

1) ciliated funnel pulls coelomic fluid into coelom as primary urine
3) muscle contractions push primary urine through metanephridia
4) final urine exits through nephridiopores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is inside an annelid segment?

A
  • 2 metanephridia and a nephridiopore
  • coelom
  • blood vessels
  • nerve cord
  • peritoneum that compartmentalizes each segment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the differences between a protonephridium and a metanephridium?

A

proto:
- unicellular
- one opening (exterior)
- waste enters via flame cells
- fluid moved via cilia-generated currents
- contains a flame cell and flagella/cilia
- uses extracellular fluid as medium

meta:
- multicellular
- two openings (one to coelom one to exterior)
- waste enters via blood vessels
- fluid moved via muscular contractions
- uses coelomic fluid as medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do Echiurans feed?

A
  • suspension and deposit feeding via mucus nets and proboscis that scoops and collects food
  • adult burrows
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the peristomium?

A

first segment behind prostomium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does Siboglinidae feed?

A
  • uses bacteria to collect material from hydrothermic vents
  • chemoautotrophic
  • no gut or mouth due to this
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what families are under the class Sedentaria?

A
  • Sabellidae (feathery mucus suspension)
  • Echiura (no parapodia, chaetae, has single coelom)
  • Capitellidae (surface deposit)
  • Arenicolidea (subsurface deposit)
  • Terebellidae (surface deposit)
  • Siboglinidae (tubeworm, chemoautotroph, no mouth)
  • Serpulidae (hard tubed suspension)
  • Cirratulidae (organic tubed suspension)
  • Spionidae (deposit + suspension)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does Tomopteridae feed?

A
  • uses elongated cirri and parapodia to swim and catch large prey in water column
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are acicula made of?

A

chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are some features from Oligochaetes?

A
  • no parapodia
  • peristaltic movement
  • gas exchange via skin
  • pair of metanephridia at each segment
  • no eyes
  • simultaneous gamete exchange
  • hermaphrodite
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what similarities and differences do Cirratellidae and Serpulidae have?

A
  • both suspension feeders using mucus net
  • Cirratellidae = organic tubes, Serpulidae = calcified tubes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the body layers of annelids?

A

cuticle, epidermis, muscle, peritoneum (lines the coelom)
or
ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

17
Q

how do Annelids move?

A
  • sinusoidal motion (alternation of constricting and relaxing of R+L longitudinal muscles)
  • peristaltic motion (alternation of constricting and relaxing circular muscles)
18
Q

what feature defines Clitellata?

A

clitellum (banded reproductive organ)

19
Q

how does Terebellidae feed?

A
  • spaghetti worms
  • bury trunk into sediment and uses tentacles/palps to reach out and grab food items
20
Q

what is the pygidium?

A

terminal segment with anus

21
Q

what are the three sections of annelids?

A

prostomium (head), trunk (body), pygidium (rear segment)

22
Q

how would you describe the metameristic body plan annelids have?

A

repeating similarly shaped segments separated internally by septa (mesoderm)

23
Q

how does Sipunculida feed?

A
  • typically burrows
  • anterior cilia plumage funnels food from surface
24
Q

what characteristics do Clitellata have?

A
  • reduction/loss of segments
  • reduction of chaetae and parapodia
  • specialization of segments
25
Q

what trait distinguishes annelids from previous phyla (porifora, cnidarians and ctenophores)?

A

complete guts and coeloms

26
Q

what families are included in the class Errantia?

A
  • Nereidae (scavenger, can farm algae)
  • Lumbrineridae (burrower, jaws resemble insect pinchers)
  • Polynoida (carnivore, scaleworm)
  • Glyceridae (burrower, 4 jaws)
  • Tomopteridae (carnivore)
27
Q

what traits distinguish Errantia from Sedentaria?

A
  • larger parapodia + chaetae with acicula
  • more developed head region and cephalization
  • adapted pharyngeal structures (i.e jaws) for predating
28
Q

what is a trochophore larva?

A
  • swimming larva with a band of cilia around its midline
  • blastophore forms mouth first, anus second
29
Q

what is epitoky and how does it work?

A
  • asexual reproduction
  • parent worm releases buds/segments that develop into reproducing individuals
  • new individuals (epitokes) swarm, release gametes then die
30
Q

what symmetry do annelids have?

A

bilateral

31
Q

describe briefly what a worm’s skeletal structure is like

A

coela separated by septa that hydrostatically supports frame

32
Q

how does Arenicolidae feed?

A
  • body is burrowed head down
  • pharynx takes in sediment and expels non organic matter through anus
33
Q

how do Sabellidae, Cirratellidae and Serpulidae feed?

A
  • feather duster worms
  • suspension feeding using mucus from ciliated tentacles on anterior
  • cilia creates current that pulls organic matter onto mucus
34
Q

how does Glyceridae feed?

A
  • hunting (predatory)
  • has 4 jaws
  • has poison glands
35
Q

what other classes are included in Annelida?

A
  • Sipuncula (peanut worms, no segments, parapodia or chaetae, only 2 coelom)
  • Chaetopteridae (burrowers, mucus food bag)
36
Q

what two Sedentaria families are closely related to Clitellata?

A

Echiura and Capitellidae

37
Q

How were Siboglinidae determined to be polychaetes?

A

had stubby parapodia with chaetae and L/R pairs of coela

38
Q

what is the prostomium?

A

part of the head in front of the mouth

BISC 306 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions