Annoying DSA Flashcards
What do arteries contain?
Stressed volume of blood
What do venules and veins contain?
Unstressed volume of blood and largest amount of blood at any time.
What are veins innervated by?
a1 adrenergic receptors
When does turbulent flow occur?
When laminar flow is disrupted
When can bruits be heard?
When turbulent flow occurs in an artery or other vascular channel and may indicate stenosis
What is the site of highest resistance and largest drops in pressure?
Arterioles
Where is compliance greatest?
Veins
When does compliance drop?
In arteries and then arteries with aging
What decreases the compliance of veins? What happens as a result?
Venoconstriction. Blood moves from unstressed to stressed.
Where does the largest pressure drop occur in the vasculature?
Arterioles, due to the high resistance to flow
What is pulse pressure?
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressures
2 formulas for MAP
= 2/3(DBP) + 1/3(SBP)
= DBP + 1/3 (pulse pressure)
What two pathological conditions with alter arterial pressure?
- ) arteriosclerosis
2. ) Aortic stenosis
How does arteriosclerosis alter arterial pressure?
plaque deposits decrease compliance and diameter of vessel walls. This will increase SBP, pulse pressure, and MAP, without changing DBP
How does aortic stenosis alter arterial pressure?
A narrowing of the aortic valve decreases SBP, pulse pressure, and MAP
What can cross the capillary wall by simple diffusion?
O2 and Co2
What do the pores in capillary allow through?
Water soluble substances (water, glucose, amino acids)
In the brain, are the capillaries tighter?
Yes, BBB
Where are continuous capillaries located?
Most places in the body.
ex. Muscle, brain, peripheral nerves, exocrine glands
Where are fenestrated capillaries located?
Endocrine glands, sites of absorption (gallbladder, kidney)
Where are discontinuous/sinusoidal capillaries located?
bone marrow, liver, spleen, (intestines?)
Where can proteins cross in capillaries?
In capillaries with fenestrations (kidneys and intestines)
What special process allows proteins to move through capillaries
pinocytosis
What is the starling equation?
Jv = Kf [(Pc-Pi)-(πc-πi)}
