Annual Exam Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is respiration?
The process of releasing energy from food (glucose)
It takes place inside the cells and is not the same as breathing.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
Oxygen is necessary for energy production during exercise.
Describe the path of air in the respiratory system.
Nose/mouth → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli
Alveoli are the site of gas exchange.
What is gaseous exchange?
The swap of gases (O2 in and CO2 out) between lungs and blood
It occurs in the alveoli based on diffusion.
List the immediate effects of exercise on the respiratory system.
- Increased breathing depth
- Increased breathing rate
- Increased tidal volume
- Increased minute ventilation
What is the definition of cardiac output?
The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute
It is calculated using the formula CO = Heart rate (bpm) x stroke volume.
What are the two types of respiration?
- Aerobic
- Anaerobic
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
It requires oxygen and produces a large amount of energy.
What are the characteristics of anaerobic respiration?
- No oxygen required
- Produces lactic acid
- Used in short, high-intensity activities
What is the cardiac output formula?
CO = Heart rate (bpm) x stroke volume
What does cardiovascular drift refer to?
A gradual increase in heart rate and drop in stroke volume during prolonged exercise
It can lead to decreased performance.
What are the pros and cons of the phosphagen system?
Pros: * Immediate energy release
Cons: * Lasts only a few seconds
Fill in the blank: The _______ system uses oxygen to break down carbohydrates and fats for ATP.
[Oxidative]
What are the key survival skills in water safety?
- Floating
- Treading water
- Staying calm to conserve energy
What is the order of rescue in lifesaving protocols?
- Talk
- Reach
- Throw
- Wade
- Row
- Swim
- Tow
What are some tactical strategies for invasion games?
- Attacking: Move into space, Quick passes
- Defending: Player to player marking, Zonal defence
What is the benefit of video analysis in sports performance?
- Helps spot mistakes
- Tracks progress
- Evaluates aesthetics
What happens to the respiratory rate during physical activity?
It increases to supply more oxygen to the muscles
Stress and anxiety can also increase respiratory rate.
What are the adaptations of the alveoli for efficient gas exchange?
- Thin walls
- Moist lining
- Large surface area
- Rich blood supply
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic energy production speed?
Aerobic is slow but efficient, while anaerobic is fast but less efficient.
