Anomalies

Question 1

Name medical conditions associated with hypodontia (4)

Answer 1

1. Ectodermal dysplasia
2. Down syndrome
3. Cleft palate
4. Hurlers Syndrome
5. Incontinentia pigmenti

Question 2

Restorative problem you may encounter when upper laterals are missing

Answer 2

OE of lower canines

Question 3

Different types of supernumerary

Answer 3

1. Conical (cone shaped)
2. Tuberculate (barrel shaped)
3. Supplemental (normal)
4. Odontome (irregular mass of dental hard tissue)

Question 4

What is the most common cause of delayed eruption of permanent incisor teeth?

Answer 4

Supernumerary teeth

Question 5

At what stage of development do we remove supernumeraries

Answer 5

Crown formed and root formation starting

Question 6

What teeth are likely to get short root anomaly?

Answer 6

Permanent maxillary incisors
Danger for ortho tx

Question 7

List examples of enamel anomalies (3)

Answer 7

1. Amelogenesis imperfecta
2. Localised + environmental enamel hypoplasia
3. MIH

Question 8

Causes of localised enamel hypoplasia (2)

Answer 8

1. Trauma
2. Infection of primary tooth (from caries)

Question 9

Compare hypoplastic + hypomineralised teeth

Answer 9

HYPOPLASTIC
-Disturbance in enamel secretion
- Good quality, bad quantity

HYPOMINERALISED
- Disturbance in enamel mineralisation
- Bad quality, good quantity
- Normal teeth with brown/white patches

Question 10

Tx of generalised environmental hard tissue defects (fluorosis)

Answer 10

• Microabrasion
• Veneers
• Vital bleaching

Question 11

Cause of fluorosis

Answer 11

Ingestion of fluoride during tooth formation (3-6)

Question 12

List the 4 main types of Amelogensis

Answer 12

• Hypoplastic
• Hypomineralised
• Hypomaturation
• Mixed with taurodontism

Question 13

Biological features of Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 13

• Autosomal dominant, recessive and X linked
• Familial inheritance

Question 14

Gene mutations associated with Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 14

Amelogenin
Enamelin
Kalikrein 4

Question 15

Associated dental problems with Amelogenesis Imperfecta (6)

Answer 15

1. Sensitivity
2. Caries
3. Poor aesthetics
4. Poor OH
5. Delayed eruption
6. AOB

Question 16

Tx options for Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 16

1. Preventative therapy/FV
2. Composite veneers
3. FS
4. Metal inlays
5. SSC
6. Orthodontics

Question 17

List examples of dentine anomalies of structure (2)

Answer 17

1. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (uncommon)
2. Dentine dysplasia

Question 18

Compare dentinogenesis imperfecta to dentine dysplasia

Answer 18

Imperfecta
- Bulbous crowns
- Obliterated pulps
- Amber radiolucency
- Enamel loss
- Abscess formation

Dentine Dysplasia
- Obliterated pulps
- Amber radiolucency
- Short roots

Question 19

3 types of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 19

Type I
Type II
Brandywine (USA)

Question 20

What is Type I dentinogenesis imperfecta usually associated with?

Answer 20

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 21

Pregnancy causes of premature eruption of teeth

Answer 21

High birth weight

Question 22

Medical causes of delayed eruption of teeth (4)

Answer 22

• Premature
• Malnutrition
• Downs syndrome

Question 23

Cause of premature exfoliation (2)

Answer 23

• Trauma
• Following pulpotomy

Question 24

Cause of delayed exfoliation (5)

Answer 24

• Trauma
• Infraocclusion
• Hypodontia
• Ectopic permanent successors

Question 25

Qs to ask parents for generalised enamel defects

Answer 25

PRENATAL - rubella, F use, cardiac, kidney disease - Pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes NEONATAL - premature - meningitis POSTNATAL - measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox - TB - pneumonia - vit def - cardiac disease