ANS

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action for epinephrine, levophed?

Answer 1

Stimulates the apha1, beta1, beta2 receptors

Question 2

What is an indication for epinephrine?

Answer 2

Anaphylaxis

Question 3

What are the contraindications of epinephrine and levophed?

Answer 3

Allergy and severe hypertension

Question 4

What are the interactions of epinephrine?

Answer 4

Antihypertensives, anticholinergic, antihistamines, and thyroid hormone replacement

Question 5

What are the nursing responsibilities of epinephrine?

Answer 5

Complete medical history and current medical list, current v/s, and assess for therapeutic and adverse responses

Question 6

What is the patient education for epinephrin?

Answer 6

Inject and get to the hospital. it only lasts 10-20 minutes

Question 7

What is the mechanism of action of Flomax?

Answer 7

Relaxes the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck, making it easier to void. Blocking the alpha 1 receipts on the prostate and bladder which decreases resistance to urinary outflow thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving the symptoms of BPH

Question 8

What are the indications of Flomax?

Answer 8

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Question 9

What are the adverse effects of Flomax?

Answer 9

First dose syncope, orthostatic hypotension, and impotence

Question 10

What is first syncope?

Answer 10

Is fainting or dizziness after taking the first dose of alpha meds.

Question 11

What is the nursing responsibility for Flomax?

Answer 11

The first dose should be at bedtime to reduce the risk of first dose syncope. If given in daytime, BP and apical pulse should be checked in the first 3-4 hours.

Question 12

What is the patient education for Flomax?

Answer 12

Decreased resistance to urinary outflow thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving the symptoms of BPH.

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action for beta-adrenergic bronchodilators (albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin)?

Answer 13

Stimulate beta2-adrenergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscles which cause muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.

Question 14

What is and indication of albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin?

Answer 14

Prevention or relief of bronchospasm

Question 15

What are the adverse effects of albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin?

Answer 15

Insomnia
Restlessness
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Vascular headache
Tremors

Question 16

What are the contraindications of albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin?

Answer 16

Known drug allergy
Uncontrolled hypertension or cardiac dysrhythmias
High risk for stroke

Question 17

What are the nursing implications albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin?

Answer 17

Monitor for effectiveness- respiratory assessment

Monitor for side effects- take v/s and observe for tachycardia, increased BP. tremors, chest pain.

Question 18

What is the pertinent pt edu for albuterol, Proventil, Ventolin?

Answer 18

Teach patients how to administer their drugs through the appropriate devices, using a spacer if necessary

Question 19

What are the drug effects for beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, Lopressor)?

Answer 19

Angina- decreases demand for myocardial oxygen
Cardioprotective after MI- inhibit stimulation from circulating catecholmines
Hypertension- decrease contractility which decreases stroke volume

Question 20

What are the indications for beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, Lopressor)?

Answer 20

Treats high blood pressure, chest pain, heart failure. Cardioprotective after MI

Question 21

What are the adverse effects of beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, Lopressor)?

Answer 21

Bradycardia, rebound myocardium excitation (black box warning). Masks the signs of hypoglycemia

Question 22

What are the nursing responsibilities of beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, Lopressor)?

Answer 22

Assess for underlying heart and pulmonary disease. Assess pulse for a full minute and BP prior to administration. Hold and contact MD if bradycardia

Question 23

What is the patient education for beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, Lopressor)?

Answer 23

Take meds as prescribed and do not abruptly stop.
Rebound hypertension or chest pain
Change position slowly
Avoid extreme heat such as hot tub or sauna.

Question 24

What is the drug effect of cholinergic (bethanechol)?

Answer 24

Stimulate receptors on the bladder and cause contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the sphincter allowing urine to flow.

Question 25

What are the indications of cholinergic (bethanechol)?

Answer 25

Post-Op urinary retention

Question 26

What is a nursing responsibility for cholinergic (bethanechol)?

Answer 26

A fall in BP with reflex tachycardia

Question 27

What are the pt edu for cholinergic (bethanechol)?

Answer 27

Should preferably be taken one hour before or two hours after meals to avoid nausea or vomiting.

Question 28

What is the mechanism of action for anticholinergics (tolterodine, Detrol)?

Answer 28

Blocks Each or cholinergic drugs at muscarinic receptors in the PSNS. As a result, Each is unable to bind to the receptor site and causes a cholinergic effect.

Question 29

What are the indications of cholinergic (bethanechol)?

Answer 29

Overactive bladder

Question 30

What is the antidote to cholinergics?

Answer 30

``` Atropine (anticholinergic) Cholinergic Poisoning S-salivation L-lacrimation U-urinary incontinence D-diarrhea G-GI cramps E-emesis Cholinergic Crisis SOB, hypotension, cardiac arrest ```

Question 31

What is the mechanism of action for atropine?

Answer 31

Blocks ACh at muscarinic receptors in parasympathetic neuroeffector sites; increase cardiac output, HR by blocking vagal stimulation in heart. As a result Each is unable to bind to the receptor site and cause a cholinergic effect