ANS/Nervous System Flashcards
(36 cards)
Three things sympathetic nervous system do to heart/cardiovasc system
Increase HR, Increase BP, Increase force of contraction
Which areas of the spinal chord are sympathetic preganglionic nerves
T&L
Which areas of the spinal chord are parasympathetic preganglionic nerves from? Whats the exception?
From M&S
Vagus (X) from brain
Are para and sympathetic nerves myelinated or unmyelinated?
Pre- myelin
Post - unmyelin
Where in the spinal chord (dorsal or lateral) do the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves arise from?
Para- lateral of M&S
Sympa - dorsal of T&L
Two principal neurotanmitters in ANS?
Ach and NA
What is the exception to sympathetic post ganglionic neurotransmitter being NA?
Ach - sweat glands and hair follicles
What are NANCss? name 5
NO Substance P VIP Serotonin ATP
How is the adrenal medulla different post ganglionically?
It’s post ganglionic modified neurones are chromaffin cells that release adrenaline and NA in response to sympathetic pre ganglionic stimulation
What is the neurotransmitter causing somatic muscle contraction? What is the anatomy of the nerve from where it arises from to muscle?
It is one nerve fibre no pre/post ganglionic and NT is Ach
Which out of heart, lungs, vessels, GI/GU, Saliva/lacrimentation/sweat lacks parasympathetic innervation?
Vessels
What are the two GPCRs seen postganglionically in the heart
beta 1, M2
What are the two GPCRs seen postganglionically in the lungs (bronchioles)
beta 2, M3
What are the two GPCRs seen postganglionically in GI/GU?
beta 2, M3
What are the two GPCRs seen postganglionically in salivary glands/lacrimental/sweat?
M1 M3
Penile erection is modulated by which NANC?
NO - parasympathetic
Renin release is stimulated by 3 things what are they?
Decrease BP
Decrease Na in distal tubule
Sympathetic NS on beta 1 receptors
Whats disautonomia
ANS disorders
What happens in pheochromocytoma?
Tumour of adrenal medulla causing increased catecholamine release = symptoms of fight or flight and emergency if BP increases too high.
5 common sites of drug action
1) Interaction with presynaptic receptors
2) Interaction with post synaptic receptors
3) Inactivation
4) Reuptake
5) Degradation
Basic steps on NT release?
1) Precursor
2) Synthesis
3) Packaging
4) Degradation of excess
5) Depol by AP
6) VOCC Ca2+ influx
7) Exocytosis NT
8) Diffusion NT
9) Post-Synaptic receptors
10) Inactivation NT
11) Reuptake of NT
12) Interaction with pre-syn receptors feedback
Are nAchRs at autonomic ganglia and skeletal muscle different in structure? Whats the pharmacological relevance of this?
Yes can target drugs
Are nAchRs at autonomic ganglia and skeletal muscle different in structure? Whats the pharmacological relevance of this?
Yes can target drugs
Are muscaranic receptor subtypes easy to target pharmacologically? What is a way round this?
No - target allosterically - e.g. for M3 in bronchioles (asthma) target B2 instead.
