ANS review Flashcards
(28 cards)
Sympathetic
pregang in T1-L2-3, Intermediolateral horn of grey matter
postgang in ganglia
-paravertebral chain-either side of SC
-prevertebral ganglia-celiac, superior etc
*SHORT PRE long post
Parasympathetic
pergang cranial CN3, 7, 9, 10 Sacral S2-4
postgang target organs
*long pre SHORT POST
only innervated by SNS
sweat glands
blood vessels
only innervated by PSNS
ciliary muscles of eye
bronchial smooth muscles
both SNS and PSNS have baseline tone ex:
Vagal PSNS predominance–HR
SNS tone–blood vessels
SNS normal receptors
pre on Nicotinic with Ach
post on ADRENERGIC with NE
*SAN
adrenergic receptors alpha and beta
PSNS normal receptors
pre on Nicotinic with Ach
post on Cholinergic-Muscarinic with Ach
*PCA
Cholinergic receptors
Nicotinic Ach: Nm-muscle Nn-Brain
Muscarinic Ach: M1-5
Adrenergic receptors
alpha 1,2
Beta 1,2,3
SNS involuntary control of
EYE: myosis
BLOOD VESSELS: shunt blood to heart, skeletal muscles. shunt blood AWAY from skin, kidneys, GI
SALIVARY GLAND: off-dry mouth
HEART: strong contractility, fast HR-AV node
LUNGS: dilate
ADRENAL M: secrete Epi
LIVER: release energy breakdown glucose
GI: calm
BLADDER: relaxed
GENITALIA: relaxed
SWEAT GLANDS: increase sweat from increase heat skeletal muscles
PSNS involuntary control of
EYE: miosis LACRIMAL GLAND: active, tears SALIVARY GLAND: active, secreting HEART: "relaxed" slow HR LUNG: mild constriction UPPER GI: active, pancreas, secreting LOWER GI: parastalsis BLADDER: contracted GENITALIA: can no reproduce
SNS abnormal
- Sweat glands: pre Nicotinic post Muscarinic all Ach (should be post adrenergic, and NE)
- Adrenal Medulla: pre only Nicotinic Ach then releases Hormones: 20%NE 80%Epi
Alpha 1’s Gprotein
GalphaQ-Excitatory, blood vessels
- PLC activated
- IP3 and DGA
- PKC and increased free Ca
* stronger contraction, smooth muscle vasoconstriction
alpha2’s Gprotein
Galpha i- inhibitory blood vessels, pre/postsynaptic
- inhibit adenylate cyclase
- decrease cAMP
- increase K conduction-hyperpolarize
* smooth muscle contraction, hyperpolarize
Beta 1,2,3’s Gprotein
GproteinS-Excitatory,
- activates adenylate cyclase
- Increase cAMP
* relaxes smooth muscle, broncodilates, stimulates heart contractility and increased rate
cAMP does what
cause smooth muscle to relax,
Alpha 1 locations
most vascular smooth muscle: blood vessels, sphincter, bronchi--CONTRACT Iris-radial muscle---MYDRASIS Pilomoter smooth muscle--ERECT HAIR Uterus--CONTRACT Heart--CONTRACT
Alpha 2 locations
Platelets–AGGREGATION
Adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals
PRE: neg feed back: INHIBIT NEUROTRANSMITTERS (DESREASE BP, HR)
GI—RELAXATION
CNS—DECREASE SNS OUTFLOW, SEDATION
Beta 1 locations
Heart–INCREASE FORCE AND RATE OF CONTRACTILITY (SA, AV NODE)
Kidneys–STIMULATE RENIN RELEASE
Beta 2 locations
Resp, Uterine, Vascular, GI, GU, Visceral sm–RELAXATION
Mast cells—DECREASE HISTAMINE RELEASE
skeletal muscle—K UPTAKE, DILATION, INCREASED SPEED OF CONTRACTION
Liver–GLYCOGENOLYSIS, GLYCONEOGENSIS
Pancreas—INCREASE INSULIN SECRETION
Adrenergic nerve terminals–INCREASE RELEASE OF NE
Beta 3
Fat cells—ACTIVATES LIPOLYSIS, BREAK DOWN FAT.
Dopamine 1
Smooth muscle post–DILATES, RENAL MESENTERIC, CORONARY, CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSELS
Dopamine 2
Nerve endings pre—MODULATES TRANSMITTER RELEASE N/V INCREASED, PROMOTE N/V
endogenous catecholamines
Epi, NE, Dopa
