Antacids

Question 1

What is an example of an antacid (and it’s ‘ingredients’) and what do they do?

Answer 1

Gaviscon (Sodium alginate (polysaccharride), calcium
carbonate, sodium bicarbonate)
- Neutralise stomach acid

Question 2

What is the indication for using antacids

Answer 2

Symptomatic relief of:

• gastric or duodenal ulcers
• GORD
• non-ulcer dyspepsia
• Heart burn

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action in antacids

Answer 3

• Bicarbonate in drug sinks to bottom of stomach + forms CO2
• Alginate traps CO2 and it floats to the top
• Calcium binds to it
• Forms raft
• Prevent reflux

Question 4

What are the side effects and contraindications in antacids

Answer 4

• virtually no side effects –> burping, constipation, gas
• sold OTC so no contraindications
• caution if hypercalcaemia or stomach/intestine block

Question 5

What are the interactions of antacids

Answer 5

• decrease absorption ACE-I, tetracylcines, digoxin, iron

- damages enteric coated tablets (avoid taking within 2hrs of these)

Question 6

How is gaviscon eliminated

Answer 6

Through the faeces