Antepartum

Question 1

period beginning at conception and ending before start of labor

Answer 1

Antepartum (AP)

Question 2

period of time from fertilization until delivery. 10 lunar months, 9 calendar months, 40 weeks, 280 days.

Answer 2

Gestation

Question 3

birth after 20 weeks’ gestation, regardless of whether

the infant is born alive or dead

Answer 3

Parity

Question 4

the capacity of fetus to live outside the uterus; approx. 24
weeks gestation
Due to lung development (Alveoli and surfactant)

Answer 4

Viability

Question 5

the end of pregnancy before
20 weeks. May be elective or
spontaneous(miscarriage)

Answer 5

Abortion

Question 6

the number of
complete weeks of fetal development
calculated from the first day of the last
menstrual period

Answer 6

Gestational Age

Question 7

G: Gravida
T: Term pregnancies 38-42
P: Pre-term pregnancies 20-37 6/7
A: abortions before 20 week
L: living children

Answer 7

GTPAL: code that represents a woman’s preg history

Question 8

Calculate EDC

Answer 8

1. First day of LMP
2. Subtract 3 months
3. Add 7 days

Question 9

Subjective, definitive diagnosis cant be made here

Answer 9

Presumptive Sign

Question 10

Presumptive Signs

Answer 10

1. Amenorrhea (missed period)
2. Nausea
3. Breast change - due to progesterone
4. Frequent urination - enlarge uterus and increase pelvic blood
5. Linea nigra/ chloasma
6. Fatigue

Question 11

More objective, be observed by medical people

Answer 11

Probable signs

Question 12

Probable signs

Answer 12

1. Uterine enlargement
2. Chadwicks
3. Goodells
4. Hegars
5. McDonalds
6. Braxton hicks
7. Ballottement
8. Fetal outline
9. Striae (Stretch marks)
10. Lab tests

Question 13

Positive signs

Answer 13

1. Fetal heartbeat
2. Fetal movements
3. Ultrasound observation

Question 14

purplish or bluish discoloration of cervix, vagina,

vulva by increased vascular congestion

Answer 14

Chadwick’s Sign

Question 15

softening of cervix and vagina

Answer 15

Goodell’s Sign

Question 16

Softening of lower uterine segment just above cervix

Answer 16

Hegar’s Sign

Question 17

Ease in flexing body of uterus against the cervix

Answer 17

Mcdonald’s Sign

Question 18

Rebounding of fetus by examiner’s fingers at 4-5 months

Answer 18

Ballottement

Question 19

Able to palpate by week 24

Answer 19

fetal outline

Question 20

90-98% accurate.
Detect presence of hCG in blood or
urine.

Answer 20

Lab tests

Question 21

• as early as 6 weeks by US
• as early as 10 weeks by Doppler transducer
• 18-20 weeks with fetoscope
• FHR 110-160

Answer 21

Fetal heartbeat

Question 22

Performed commonly 8-12 weeks after missed period
• Obtain thorough medical history
• Physical exam–look for health deficits
• repeat pregnancy test
• urinalysis
• pelvic exam
• lab tests

Answer 22

Prenatal care: first exam

Question 23

check condition of organs
and birth canal
• poor predictor of who will deliver vaginally and is not routinely performed

Answer 23

Pelvimetry - pelvic exam

Question 24

flaring wings of iliac crests of hip bones

Answer 24

false pelvis - pelvic exam

Question 25

* Rh and ABO incompatibility * Rh- mother and Rh + father * mother has type O and father has type A, B, or AB * Rubella titer * Hgb and Hct--12mg/dl and 35% desirable * Serology for STD’s and AIDS

Answer 25

Lab tests preformed

Question 26

Maternal infections may cause congenital malformations or disorders in infant especially if exposed during the first 12 weeks of gestation

Answer 26

TORCH infections *

Question 27

TORCH Infection list

Answer 27

• T—toxoplasmosis - Cat Liter can cause birth defects •O—other (gonorrhea, syphillis, varicella, hepatitis B(HBV), HIV •R—rubella • C—cytomegalovirus (CMV) •H—herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 28

• 1 x/month for 7 months, then q 2 weeks during the 8th month, then weekly during last month • Assessments • Weight--25-30 pounds average gain • 2-4# in 1st trimester, 1/2 # per week in 2nd trimester, 1# per week in last 4-6 weeks

Answer 28

Subsequent Prenatal visits

Question 29

``` •Vital signs--especially BP. Early detection of PIH vital. •Vaginal exams per discretion •UA for infection, sugar, albumin •Fundal height measurement--begin at 16-20 weeks. Centimeters measure correspond with gestational age ```

Answer 29

Prenatal visit assessments

Question 30

* Fetal heart tones (FHT)/fetal heartrate (FHR) by doppler * Assess for common problems * N/V * edema * bleeding * constipation * headache (HBP or stress)

Answer 30

Prenatal visit look fors

Question 31

* Ultrasound * Glucose Challenge Test (28 weeks) * H&H (S/S of anemia) * RhoGAM work-up (If O- blood get this to protect baby if it is +) * Group Beta Strep (34-37 weeks for strep)

Answer 31

Prenatal testings

Question 32

• Normal vaginal flora • Woman asymptomatic but can cause serious infection of newborn • Vaginal and rectal cultures to detect presence in pregnant woman • If present will treat with IV antibiotics during labor--usually 2+ doses of Ancef or ampicillin

Answer 32

Group Beta Streptococcus

Question 33

Often done by the nurse! S/S to report • bleeding, fluid leaking from vagina (means cervix is dilated and water broke) • rapid weight gain (pre-eclampsia) • swelling of extremities and/or face (edema, leads to pre-eclampsia) • persistent headache, visual disturbances (BP rising) • fever>100.4 (infection) • vomiting (infection)

Answer 33

Prenatal visit teaching

Question 34

``` •Increase of 300 kcal/day •Balanced diet with increased intake of foods that will provide needed vitamins, minerals, proteins. •Diet should supply needed nutrients, but routine supplementation of “prenatal vitamins” given •Increase fluids, especially water ```

Answer 34

Prenatal visit: Diet

Question 35

essential for preventing neural tube defects

Answer 35

Folic acid | get from dark, leafy greens

Question 36

• Employment--avoid toxic fumes, falls, heavy lifting, prolonged sitting or standing • Bathing/Hygiene--increased sweating and oil gland secretion, vaginal secretions. • Sexual intercourse--CI in pre-term labor

Answer 36

Prenatal Visit teaching

Question 37

Drugs, alcohol and smoking cause...

Answer 37

LBW, prematurity, birth defects and increase in fetal death