Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
(33 cards)
Abdominal Regions
Right and Left hypochondriac, Right and Left flank, Right and Left Inguinal, Epigastric, Umbilical, Pubic
Abdominal Quadrants
Right upper quadrant, Left upper quadrant, Right lower quadrant, Left lower quadrant
Contents of Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Liver: right lobe, Gallbladder, Stomach:pylorus, Duodenum: parts 1-3, Pancreas: head, Right suprarenal gland, Right kidney, Right colic (hepatic) flexure, Ascending colon: superior part, Transverse colon: right half
Contents of Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Liver: left lobe, Spleen, Stomach, Jejunum and proximal ileum, Pancreas: body and tail, Left kidney, Left suprarenal gland, Left colic (splenic) flexure, Transverse colon: left half, Descending colon: superior part
Contents of Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Cecum, Appendix, Most of Ileum, Ascending colon: inferior part, Right ovary, Right uterine tube, Right ureter: abdominal part, Right spermatic cord: abdominal part, Uterus (if enlarged), Urinary bladder (if very full)
Contents of Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Sigmoid colon, Descending colon: inferior part, Left ovary, Left uterine tube, Left ureter: abdominal part, Left spermatic cord: abdominal part, Uterus (if enlarged), Urinary bladder (if very full)
Level of Transpyloric Plane
L1 level, Level of gall bladder fundus, pylorus, pancreatic neck, SMA origin, hepatic portal vein, root of transverse mesocolon, hila of kidneys
Level of Subcostal Plane
Passes inferior border 10th costal cartilage, Level of transverse colon
Level of Transtubercle Plane
Between iliac tubercles, level of ileocecal junction
Level of Interspinous plane
Between ASIS, Level of appendix, sigmoid colon
External Oblique Muscle (Origin/Insertion,Action, Innervation, )
Origin: Outer surface lower 6 ribs
Insertion: Aponeurosis and linea alba, anterior iliac crest and pubic tubercle
Innervation: T7-12
Action: Compress abdomen and increase intra-abdominal pressure; move trunk and retain posture
Internal Oblique Muscle (Origin/Insertion,Action, Innervation)
Origin: Iliac crest and some of thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: lower 10-12 ribs, aponeurosis, linea alba, and pubic crest, lower part makes part of conjoint tendon (inguinal falx)
Innervation: T7-12 and L1
Action: Compresses and supports viscera, lateral flexes and rotates
Transversus Abdominis Muscle (Origin/Insertion,Action, Innervation)
Origin: Lower 7-12 ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, some even off of upper inguinal ligament
Insertion: linea alba, pecten pubis, and pubic crest
Innervation: T7-L1
Action: Compresses and supports viscera
Rectus Abdominis Muscle (Origin/Insertion, Action, Innervation)
Origin: pubic symphysis and pubic crest
Insertion: Xiphoid process and outer surface of 5-7 intercostal cartilages
Innervation: Ventral rami T7-12
Action: Flexes abdomen and compresses
What is the arcuate line?
Sharp transition where all external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis aponeuroses become anterior to rectus abdominis m.
(T/F) External oblique is always anterior.
True.
EO is always anterior. IO splits in upper 3/4s but is all anterior in lower 1/4. TA is posterior except in lower 1/4.
The thoracoabdominal n. (T7-11) is a continuation of what nerve?
Intercostal n. It is both motor and sensory.
Subcostal n. (T12) rubs along what rib?
Inferior 12th rib. It is motor.
Iliohypogastric n. (L1) innervation
motor to IO and TA; sensory to upper inguinal and hypogastric region
Ilioinguinal n. (L1) innervation
motor to IO and TA; sensory to lower inguinal, anterior scrotum/labia, near medial thigh
What is the median umbilical fold created by?
Obliterated urachus
What is the medial umbilical fold created by?
Obliterated umbilical arteries
What is the lateral umbilical fold created by?
Inferior epigastric artery
Gutter on either side of upper bladder
Supravesicular fossa
