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Andomen ~ Anatomy > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

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1
Q

Layers of Anterior Abdominal Wall

A

Skin

Superficial fascia

External oblique muscle

Internal oblique muscle

Transverse abdominal muscle

Fascia transversalis

Parietal layer of peritoneum

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2
Q

Same Anterior abdominal wall layers, give contribution to layers of Scrotum excpet;

A

Transverse abdominalis rest all give contribution as;

Skin - Skin over Scrotum

Superficial Fascia - Dartose muscle

External oblique muscle - Ext. Spermatic fascia

Internal oblique muscle - Cremastric muscle

Fascia transversalis - Int. Spermatic fascia

Parietal layer of peritoneum - tunica vaginalis

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3
Q

Internal spermatic fascia is derived from;

A

Fascia transversalis

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4
Q

External Spermatic Fascia is derived from

A

External oblique muscle

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5
Q

Cremastric muscle derived from

A

Internal oblique muscle

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6
Q

Rectus sheath is formed by

A

Aponeurosis
External oblique muscle
Internal oblique muscle
Transverse oblique muscle

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7
Q

Thickening of aponeurosis of External Oblique Muscle give

A

Inguinal ligament

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8
Q

Inguinal / Poupart’s Ligament;

Attachment

A

From Anterior Superior Iliac Spine to Pubic Tubercle

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9
Q

Midpoint of Inguinal Ligament

Mid Inguinal Point

Difference

A

See photo

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10
Q

Deep inguinal ring is situated

A

1.25 cm above the Mid Inguinal Point

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11
Q

Three modifications of Inguinal Ligament;

A
  1. Reflected part of Inguinal Ligament
  2. Pectineal ligament of Cooper
  3. Lacunar / Gimbernat’s Ligament
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12
Q

Neurovascular plane in the Anterior Abdominal Wall exist between

A

Internal oblique and Transverse abdominis muscles

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13
Q

Action of External oblique and Internal oblique muscles

A
  1. Maintenance of abdominal tone
  2. Increases intra-abdominal pressure
  3. Helps in Lateral flexion of trunk
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14
Q

Action of Transverse abdominis muscle;

A
  1. Maintenance of abdominal tone

2. Increases Intra-abdominal pressure

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15
Q

Nerve supply to Anterior Abdominal Muscles;

External oblique

Internal oblique

Transverse abdominis

A

Lower 5 Intercostal nerves — 7-12

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16
Q

Level of Subcostal Plane;

A

Lower border of L2

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17
Q

Level of Plane - connecting the Tubercle of Iliac Crest

A

Inter/transtubercular plane

Upper border of L5

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18
Q

Level of Transpyloric Plane and structures related to its level

A

Lower border of L1

  1. Pylorus of stomach
  2. Termination of Spinal cord in adult
  3. Origin of Sup. Mesenteric Artery
  4. Fundus of Gall bladder
  5. Tip of 9th Costal Cartilage
  6. Hilum of Kidney
  7. Postal vein formation
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19
Q

Arcuate line is situated

A

Between Umbilicus and Pubic Symphysis (midpoint)

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20
Q

Rectus sheath above the Arcuate line;

A

• Anterior to Rectus abdominis;

  1. Two lamellae of Ext. Oblique muscle
  2. Anterior lamella of Int. Oblique muscle

Posterior to Rectus abdominis;

  1. Posterior lamella of Int. Oblique muscle
  2. Two lamellae of Transverse abdominis muscle
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21
Q

Rectus sheath below the Arcuate line;

A

• Anterior to Rectus abdominis;

  1. Two lamellae of Ext. Oblique
  2. Two lamellae of Int. Oblique
  3. Two lamellae of Transverse abdominis

• Posterior wall of Rectus sheath is deficient below the arcuate line, formed by Fascia transversalis

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22
Q

Contents of Rectus Sheath;

A

• Two Muscles:

  • Rectus abdominis muscle
  • Pyramidalis muscle

• Two Vessels:

  • Sup. Epigastric
  • Inf. Epigastric
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23
Q

Peculiarity of Rectus Abdominis;

Study These Flashcards
A

Tendinous intersecrions -

Prevents bowstringing of Rectus abdominis

24
Q

Action of Rectus abdominis;

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A
  • Flexion of Trunk
  • Maintenance of Abdominal tone
  • Increases Intra-abdominal pressure
25
Nerve supply of Rectus Abdominis;
T7-T12 Intercostal nerves
26
Action of Pyramidalis muscle; And its Nerve supply;
Tenses Linea alba Supplied by T12 - Subcostal nerve
27
Inferior epigastric artery is a branch of; And it is present in the;
External iliac artery Present in the Lateral Umbilical Fold
28
Medial Umbilical Fold contains
Obliterated umbilical artery
29
Median umbilical fold contains;
Urachus ligament (present between Apex of Bladder to Umbilicus)
30
Location of Inguinal canal;
Situated at Medial Lower part of inguinal ligament
31
Content of Inguinal canal in Males; True Content- Pseudo Content-
True Content - Spermatic cord Pseudo Content — ilio-inguinal nerve
32
Content of Inguinal canal in Females; True Content- Pseudo Content-
True Content- Round ligament of Uterus Pseudo Content — ilio-inguinal nerve
33
Round ligament of uterus is remnant of
Distal part of Gubernaculum
34
Vessels transmitting through Spermatic cord;
1. Testicular artery ← Abdominal aorta 2. Artery to Vas deference ← Sup. Vesical artery 3. Cremastric artery ← Infe. epigastric artery 4. Pampiniform plexus of veins
35
Nerves passing through Spermatic cord;
1. Genital branch of Genitofemoral nerve | 2. Testicular nerve - is sympathetic plexus over Testicular artery
36
Content of Spermatic cord, Besides nerves and vessels
Vas Deferens
37
Pseudo Content of Inguinal canal;
Ilio-inguinal nerve But it is not the content of Spermatic cord Usually it is not damaged during Vasectomy procedure.
38
Defect in Fascia transversalis forms
Deep inguinal ring Is Inlet of Inguinal canal And situated 1.25 cm above Mid-Inguinal Point
39
Defect in External Oblique Aponeurosis forms
Superficial Inguinal Ring; Act as Outlet of Inguinal canal Located - Above and Medial to Pubic Tubercle
40
Femoral ring located;
Below and Lateral to Pubic Tubercle
41
Pubic Tubercle is important land mark for
Distinguishing the Inguinal Hernia from the Femoral Hernia
42
If the Hernia is Above and Medial to Pubic Tubercle;
It is Inguinal hernia
43
If the hernia is Below and Lateral to Pubic Tubercle;
It is Femoral Hernia
44
Anterior wall of Inguinal Canal is formed by
* External oblique muscle | * Strengthened laterally by Internal Oblique muscle
45
Roof of Inguinal canal is formed by;
* Transverse Abdominis * Internal oblique Forms arch above the canal
46
Posterior wall of Inguinal canal is formed by;
* Fascia transversalis | * Strengthened medially by Conjoint Tendon + Reflected part of Inguinal ligament
47
Conjoint Tendon is formed by
Internal oblique + Transverse Abdominis
48
Floor of Inguinal canal is formed by;
* Lacunar ligament | * Inguinal ligament
49
Direct hernia occurs through
Hasselbach’s triangle
50
Boundaries of Hasselbach’s triangle;
Medial - Rectus Abdominis Lateral - Inferior Epigastric artery Inferior - Inguinal ligament
51
Relation of Inferior Epigastric Artery to Direct Hernia;
Inferior Epigastric Artery is Lateral to Direct Hernia
52
Relation of Inferior Epigastric Artery to Indirect Hernia
Inferior Epigastric Artery is Medial to Direct Hernia
53
Content of Triangle of Doom
External Iliac vessel During Laparoscopic hernial repair, if External iliac vessel get damaged → leads to hypovolemic shock
54
Boundaries of Triangle of Doom Apex - Medially - Laterally -
Apex - Deep Inguinal Ring Medially - Vas deferns Laterally - Testicular artery
55
Contents of Triangle of Pain;
* Genitofemoral nerve * Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve * Anterior femoral cutaneous nerve
56
Boundaries of Triangle of Pain; Medial - Lateral - Base -
Medial - Testicular vessel Lateral - iliopubic tract Base - skin reflection

Andomen ~ Anatomy (3 decks)

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