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Anatomy Muscles > Anterior Compartment Of Forearm > Flashcards

Anterior Compartment Of Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

How many layers of muscles of anterior compartments of forearm?

A

3
1. Superficial
2. Intermediate
3. Deep

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2
Q

Name the muscles of anterior compartment of forearm indifferent layers?

A

Superficial

  1. Pronator teres
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Intermediate

  1. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Deep

  1. Flexor Digitorum Profundus
  2. Flexor Pollicis Longus
  3. Pronator Quadratus
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3
Q

How many heads of pronator teres?
Origin of pronator teres?
Insertion?

A

Two heads:

Origin
1.humeral head
Medial epicondyl of humerus
2.ulnar head
Coronoid process of Ulna

Insertion
Lateral aspect of radius

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4
Q

Action of pronator teres?

A

Pronation and flexion of forearm

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5
Q

Innervation of pronator teres?

A

Median nerve
(Branch of brachial plexus)

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6
Q

All muscles of anterior aspect of forearm are innervated by median nerve except?

A

1.Flexor carpi ulnaris -

ulnar nerve

  1. Medial half of Flexor digitorum profundus -

Ulnar nerve (medial half)
Median nerve (only lateral half)

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7
Q

Anterior (volar) compartment of forearm is separated from posterior compartment by?

A

Interosseous membrane-
That unites radius and ulna

Lateral intermuscular septum
That connects to radius

Bones
Radius
Ulna

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8
Q

What is golfer’s elbow?

A

Golfer’s elbow, or medial epicondylitis,
is a condition that causes pain and inflammation in the tendons that attach the forearm muscles to the inside of the elbow.

Overuse of flexor muscles

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9
Q

Inflammation of medial epicondyl or tendons of flexor muscles of forearm causes?

A

Golfer’s elbow

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10
Q

Common origin of muscles of anterior compartment (flexors)?

A

Medial epicondyl

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11
Q

Origin and insertion of palmaris longus?

A

Origin
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Insertion
Flexor retinaculum and
Palmar aponeurosis

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12
Q

Which muscle lies immediately medial to palmaris longus?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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13
Q

How many heads of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin?

A

Two heads:

Humeral head
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Ulnar head
Olecrannon process and
Posterior border of ulna

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14
Q

Insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pisiform bone
Hook of hamate
Base of fifth metacarpal bone (pinky side)

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15
Q

Action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexes the wrist
Adducts the hand at wrist joint

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16
Q

Difference in function of fkexor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis?

A

Radialis
Abducts the hand at the wrist joint

Ulnaris
Adducts the hand at the wrist joint

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17
Q

Just Lateral to palmaris longus is?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

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18
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Insertion:
Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal bone

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19
Q

Action of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Flexes and Abducts the hand at the wrist joint

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20
Q

Which of the muscles of the anterior compartment of forearms have 2 heads?

A
  1. Pronator teres
    Humeral head
    Ulnar head (Coronoid process of ulna)
  2. Flexor carpi ulnaris
    Humeral head
    Ulnar head (olecrannon process and posterior border of the ulna)
  3. Flexor digitorum superficialis
    Humeroulnar head
    Radial head (oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius)
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21
Q

What is the origin of ulnar heads of pronator teres and flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Pronator teres
Ulnar head:
Coronoid process of ulna

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Ulnar head:
Olecrannon process and
Posterior border of the ulna

22
Q

How many heads of flexor digitorum superficialis? Their origin?

A

Humeroulnar head
(Origin)
Medial epicondyl of humerus

Radial head
(Origin)
oblique line on anterior surface of shaft of radius

23
Q

How many tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis that pass through carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons

24
Q

Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis run over or under to flexor retinaculum?

A

Under it

25
Q

Insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Middle phalanx
Of medial 4 fingers:
Index
Middle
Ring
Little

26
Q

Why does the tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis split when they insert onto middle phalanx?

A

It splits and iserts into lateral margin of middle phalyns To allow the passage of flexor digitorum *profundus which attaches to distal phalanx

Superficialis Splits
Profundus Passes through

27
Q

Action of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Flexes the middle phalanx of the fingers
Assists in flexing the proximal phalanx and hand

28
Q

Origin of flexor digitorum profundus? And its insertion

A

origin
Anterior surface of shaft of ulna
Interosseous membrane

Insertion
Distal phalanx of the middle 4 fingers

29
Q

How many tendons of flexor digitorum profundus pass through carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons

30
Q

Muscle of anterior compartment that acts on the thumb?

A

Flexor pollicis longus

31
Q

Action of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flexes the distal phalanx of thumb

32
Q

Flexor pollicis longus runsover or under to flexor retinaculum?

A

Underneath it

33
Q

What muscles of anterior compartment run underneath the flexor retinaculum?

A
  1. Flexor Pollicis longus
  2. Flexor digitorum profundus (4 tendons)
  3. Flexor digitorum superficialis (4 tendons)
34
Q

What flexor muscle of anterior compartment of forearm run over the flexor retinaculum?

A

Palmaris longus

35
Q

Origin and insertion of flexor pollicis longus?

A

origin
Anterior surface of shaft of radius

Insertion
Distal phalanx of thumb

36
Q

Pronator quadratus lies underneath tendons of which 2 muscles?

A

1.Flexor pollicis longus
2.Flexor digitorum profundus

37
Q

Origin and insertion of pronator quadratus?

A

origin
Anterior surface of shaft of ulna

Insertion
Anterior surface of shaft of radius

38
Q

Which muscle forms the medial border of cubital fossa?

A

Lateral border of pronator teres

The lateral border of cubital fossa- brachoradialis

39
Q

What artery and nerve pass between two heads of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A
  1. Median nerve
  2. Ulnar artery
40
Q

The flexor muscles that originates from radius?

A
  1. Flexor digitorum superficialis:
    Radial head—–
    Oblique line on the anterior surface of radius
  2. Flexor pollicis longus
41
Q

The 2 muscles that originate from anterior surface of shaft of ulna?

A
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus (also from interosseous membrane)
  2. Pronator quadratus
42
Q

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP)are flexed by?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Can Also by flexor digitorum profundus

43
Q

The only muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Also can flex MCP

44
Q

Innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

1.medial half

Acts on;
Little finger
Ring finger
By ulnar nerve

  1. Lateral half

Acts on:
Middle finger
Index finger
By median nerve(its anterior interosseous branch)

45
Q

Innervation of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)

46
Q

Innervation of pronator quadratus?

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch)

47
Q

The branch of median nerve that supplies deep muscles of anterior compartment of forearm?

A

Anterior Interosseous branch of median nerve

48
Q

Difference in Origin of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus?

A

superficialis
Radius
(radial head- oblique line of shaft of radius)

Profundus
Ulnar shaft

49
Q

What are the contents of cubital fossa?

A

MBBR (medial to lateral)
Median nerve
Brachial artery (bifurcates to radial and ulnar artery)
Biceps Tendon
Radial nerve

50
Q

Why is ulnar nerve not a part of cubital fossa?

A

It passes behind (posterior) the medial epicondyl of humerus

Anatomy Muscles (8 decks)

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