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Anatomy Unit 3 > Anterior neck and visceral organs > Flashcards

Anterior neck and visceral organs Flashcards

1
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

half ring, laryngeal prominance

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2
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

full ring, facets articulate with other cartilage

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3
Q

subdivisions for the anterior neck trinagle

A

submandibular, submental, carotid, muscular

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4
Q

boarders of the posterior neck triangle

A

anterior: posterior boarder of the SCM
inferior: clavicle
posterior: anterior boarder of upper trap

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5
Q

contents of the investing fascia

A

whole neck, wraps around the superficial neck muscles (trapezius, infrahyoid muscles, SCM)

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6
Q

contents of the visceral fascia

A

neck and visceral organs (trachea, thyroid, esophagus)

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7
Q

contents of the carotid sheath

A

neurovascular structures- internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, vagus nerve

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8
Q

contents of the vertebral fascia

A

intrinsic neck muscles- scalenes, posterior intrinsic neck muscles

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9
Q

what space can spread infection from the carotid sheath to the mediastinum

A

retropharyngeal space

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10
Q

cervical plexus nerves

A

motor division- nerve to geniohyoid, nerve to thyrohyoid, ansa cervicalis, phrenic nerve
cutaneous division- lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavivular

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11
Q

nerve roots for nerve to geniohyoid

A

C1 through hypoglossal nerve

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12
Q

nerve roots for nerve to thyrohyoid

A

c1 through hypoglossal nerve

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13
Q

nerve roots for ansa cervicalis

A

superior root: c1 through hypoglossal nerve
inferior root: c2-c3

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14
Q

phrenic nerve

A

c3-c5

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15
Q

nerve roots for lesser occipital nerve

A

c2

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16
Q

nerve roots for great auricular nerve

A

c2-c3

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17
Q

nerve roots for transverse cervical nerve

A

c2-c3

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18
Q

nerve roots for supraclavicular nerve

A

c3-c4

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19
Q

what are the branches from the subclavian artery

A

thyrocervical trunk- inferior thyroid a.
costocervical trunk- posterior intercostal a., supreme thoracic a.

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20
Q

what are the branches of the external carotid a.

A

posterior- ascending pharyngeal, occipital, posterior auricular
anterior- superior thyroid, lingual, facial
terminal branches- maxillary, superficial temporal

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21
Q

where does the superficial vein of the anterior neck drain to

A

into internal jugular vein

22
Q

where does the external jugular vein drain to

A

subclavian v.

23
Q

where do the internal jugular and subclavian veins drain to

A

brachiocephalic vein

24
Q

lymph drainage on the right side

A

25% to the R subclavian vein
r upper limb, r upper quadrant, r side of head

25
Q

lymph drainage on the left side

A

75% all other body parts via the thoracic duct

26
Q

platysma function and innervation

A

depress mandible and elevate neck skin
cervical branch of CN 7

27
Q

SCM function and innervation

A

B flexion, I sidebend, C rotation
cranial nerve 11

28
Q

stylohyoid function and innervation

A

hyoid elevation, cranial nerve 7

29
Q

digastric function and innervation

A

hyoid elevation, retraction and depression of mandible
ant belly: mylohyoid branch of CN V3)
post belly: CN 7

30
Q

mylohyoid function and innervation

A

elevation of mouth, mandible depression and retraction
mylohyoid branch of CN V3

31
Q

geniohyoid function and innervation

A

elevation of mouth, mandible depression and retraction
C1 hiking through hypoglossal

32
Q

sternohyoid function and innervation

A

hyoid and larynx depression
ansa cervicalis

33
Q

sternothyroid function and innervation

A

depression of thyroid and larynx cartilage
ansa cervicalis

34
Q

omohyoid function and innervation

A

hypoid depression
ansa cervicalis

35
Q

thyrohyoid function and innervation

A

hyoid depression elevation of thyroid and larynx cartilage
C1 hiking through hypoglossal

36
Q

anterior scalene function and innervation

A

B flexion, I sidebend, C rotation
ventral rami of C4-C6

37
Q

middle scalene function and innervation

A

I sidebend, 1st rib elevation
ventral rami of C2-C7

38
Q

posterior scalene function and innervation

A

neck I sidebend, 2nd rib elevation
ventral rami of C6-C8

39
Q

what is spared in thoracic outlet syndrome

A

thyrocervical trunk and subclavian vein

40
Q

what is compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome

A

brachial plexus and subclavian compressed by anterior and middle scalenes
brachial plexus, subclavian a., and axillary a. compressed by clavicle and 1st rib

41
Q

contents of carotid sheath

A

internal carotid a., internal jugular v. CN 10, CN 9, CN 11, hypoglossal n., sympathetic trunk/ cervical ganglia

42
Q

components of cervical sympathetic ganglia

A

paravertebral ganglia, prevertebral ganglia, cervical ganglia

43
Q

what happens if there is an increase if thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland?

A

hyperthyroidism- increased metabolism, thin and hot

44
Q

what happens if there is an increase in parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid gland?

A

calcification of blood vessels

45
Q

what is the blood supply to the thyroid and parathyroid glands

A

superior thyroid artery

46
Q

what is the visceral innervation of the thyroid and parathyroid gland?

A

sensory: superior laryngeal n.
motor: sympathetic- middle cervical ganglia (decrease thyroid but increase parathyroid)
parasympathetic- superior laryngeal n. (increase thyroid hormone release)

47
Q

what is the innervation for the larynx muscles

A

extrinsic- somatic/ branchial motor CN 10- voluntary control
intrinsic- sensory- recurrent laryngeal n.

48
Q

what is the innervation of the trachea?

A

smooth muscles- visceral motor by CN 10
the division line of somatic and visceral innervation is the cricoid cartilage

49
Q

what is the blood supply to the larynx and trachea

A

inferior thyroid artery and superior thyroid artery

50
Q

what is the innervation of the pharynx and esophagus?

A

somatic motor: CN 10, 9
visceral motor: CN 9,10
somatic sensation: CN 9, 10
visceral motor: taste by CN 9, 10

Anatomy Unit 3 (7 decks)

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