Anthro

Question 1

Anthropology

Answer 1

The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors

Question 2

Holistic Approach

Answer 2

Refers to the study of the whole of the human condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture

Question 3

Relativistic Approach

Answer 3

The idea that aspects of culture can only be understood in context; seeks to understand diversity, not make value judgments

Question 4

Cultural Anthropology

Answer 4

The study of human society and culture, the subfield that describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and differences.

Question 5

Ethnography

Answer 5

A component of cultural anthropology that provides field-work based accounts of particular communities, societies, or cultures.

Question 6

Ethnology

Answer 6

A component of cultural anthropology in which the results of ethnography are examined and interpreted.

Question 7

Archaeological Anthropology

Answer 7

The sub-sect of anthropology that reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains.

Question 8

Biological Anthropology

Answer 8

The sub-sect of anthropology that studies evolutions, genetics, growth and development, biological plasticity, and primatology.

Question 9

Linguistic Anthropology

Answer 9

The sub-sect of anthropology that studies language in its social and cultural context, across space and over time.

Question 10

Cultural Resource Management

Answer 10

Involves not only preserving sites, but also allowing their destruction if they are not significant.

Question 11

Belief Systems

Answer 11

ideas that are taken on faith and cannot be scientifically tested

Question 12

Science

Answer 12

a process that is always changing, testable, accumulative

Question 13

Hypothesis

Answer 13

Proposed explanations for natural phenomena, based on observation, is testable and falsifiable

Question 14

Scientific Theory

Answer 14

a set of hypotheses tested repeatedly and not rejected

Question 15

Jean Baptiste Lamark

Answer 15

(late 18th-early 19th century) came up with theory of evolution. Was entirely incorrect except for his theory that environment effects the way an animal looks

Question 16

Cryptozoology

Answer 16

study of animals that don’t exist or may have existed

Question 17

Pseudo Science

Answer 17

scientifically testable ideas that are taken on faith, even if tested and shown to be false

Question 18

Adaptation

Answer 18

the process by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses

Question 19

Biocultural

Answer 19

refers to the inclusion and combination of both biological and cultural perspectives and approaches to comment on or solve a particular issue or problem

Question 20

Sociolinguists

Answer 20

investigates relationships between social and linguistic variation

Question 21

Applied Anthropology

Answer 21

refers to the application of the anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary social problems

Question 22

Enculturation

Answer 22

the process by which a child learns his or her culture

Question 23

What signifies culture?

Answer 23

It is learned, symbolic, shared, integrated, and dynamic

Question 24

symbol

Answer 24

something verbal or nonverbal, within a particular language or culture, that comes to stand for something else

Question 25

shared

Answer 25

shared beliefs, values, memories, and expectations link people who grow up in the same culture

Question 26

hominids

Answer 26

the group that leads to humans but not to chimps and gorillas and that encompasses all the human species that have ever existed

Question 27

ethnocentrism

Answer 27

the tendency to view one;s own culture as superior and to apply one's own cultural values in judging the behavior and beliefs of people raised in other cultures

Question 28

cultural relativism

Answer 28

the viewpoint that behavior in one culture should not be judged by the standards of another culture

Question 29

Acculturation

Answer 29

the ongoing exchange of cultural features that results when groups have continuous firsthand contact

Question 30

globalization

Answer 30

a series of processes that work transnationally to promote change in a world in which nations and people are increasingly interlinked and mutually dependent

Question 31

Paleontology

Answer 31

the study of ancient life through the fossil record

Question 32

paleoanthropology

Answer 32

studies the fossil record of human evolution

Question 33

systematic survey

Answer 33

provides a regional perspective by gathering information on settlement patterns over a large area

Question 34

excavation

Answer 34

scientists dig through layers of deposits that make up a site

Question 35

taphonomy

Answer 35

the study of the processes that affect the remains of dead animals

Question 36

relative dating

Answer 36

provides a time frame in relation to other strata or materials rather than absolute dates in numbers

Question 37

stratigraphy

Answer 37

the science that examines the ways in which earth sediments accumulate in layers known as strata

Question 38

absolute dating

Answer 38

accurately dating fossils by way of the carbon-14 method, or K/A technique

Question 39

molecular anthropology

Answer 39

uses genetic analysis of DNA to date and to estimate evolutionary distance between species

Question 40

bone biology

Answer 40

the study of bone as biological tissue, including its genetics, cell structure, growth and development

Question 41

paleopathology

Answer 41

the study of disease and injury in skeletons from archaeological sites

Question 42

Anthropometry

Answer 42

the measurement of the human body parts and dimensions