Anthro Quiz #1

Question 1

adaptation

Answer 1

how species evolve/cope with their enviornment

Question 2

anthropology

Answer 2

study of the human species

Question 3

applied anthropology

Answer 3

applying anthropological data to solve real world problems

Question 4

archaeological anthropology

Answer 4

studying human behavior by looking at remains of civilization

Question 5

biocultural

Answer 5

combination of biological + cultural factors to resolve a specific issue

Question 6

biological (physical) anthropology

Answer 6

studying biological diversity of humans

Question 7

cultural anthropology

Answer 7

study of human cultures + societies

Question 8

cultural resource management (CRM)

Answer 8

deciding whether sites are significant or not and if to preserve them

Question 9

culture

Answer 9

shared set of beliefs + values passed down through learning

Question 10

ethnography

Answer 10

firsthand observations of a specific society/culture (feildwork)

Question 11

ethnology

Answer 11

uses the data collected by researchers to compare and contrast cultures/societies to make conclusions (cross-cultural)

Question 12

food production

Answer 12

domesticating animals, cultivating plants

Question 13

general anthropology

Answer 13

comprehensive study of humans and their evolution, societies, and cultures across time and space

Question 14

holistic

Answer 14

considering an entire system as a whole and not just individual parts

Question 15

linguistic anthropology

Answer 15

studying how language has/has been shaped by society + culture across time and space

Question 16

science

Answer 16

systematic pursuit of knowledge to explain things

Question 17

society

Answer 17

individuals living in structured groups

Question 18

sociolinguistics

Answer 18

studying language in relation to social fators

Question 19

cultural consultant

Answer 19

the people who get close with and teach the ethnographers about thier culture

Question 20

emic

Answer 20

anlyzing and approaching viewing with the perspective of internal parts

Question 21

etic

Answer 21

more of an outside perspective of the ethnographer, scientific approach

Question 22

genealogical method

Answer 22

used in research to look at lineage, marriage, ect

Question 23

informed consent

Answer 23

agreements to be a participant in research

Question 24

interview schedule

Answer 24

a plan/ guideline for the interviewer to use

Question 25

key cultural consultant

Answer 25

an individual(s) who produce information that is useful about a very particular aspect/part of life

Question 26

life history

Answer 26

a recalling of an individuals lifetime, provides a deeper insight into the culture + personal attributes of someone

Question 27

longitudinal research

Answer 27

research done over a long period of time

Question 28

participant observation

Answer 28

participating in things being observed _ analyzed

Question 29

sample

Answer 29

a part of something to represent something larger

Question 30

survey research

Answer 30

sampling, data collection, analysis

Question 31

variables

Answer 31

elements that very throughout a population

Question 32

Belief and knowledge

Answer 32

Belief and knowledge is a set of convictions, values and viewpoints regarded as “the truth” and shared by members of a social group. These are underpinned and supported by known cultural experience.

Question 33

change

Answer 33

Change refers to the alteration or modification of cultural or social elements in a society. Change may be due to internal dynamics within a society, or the result of contact with another culture, or a consequence of globalization

Question 34

culture

Answer 34

Culture refers to organized systems of symbols, ideas, explanations, beliefs and material production that humans create and manipulate in the course of their daily lives. Culture includes the customs by which humans organize their physical world and maintain their social structure. More recent approaches to culture recognize that cultures are not static, homogenous or bounded but dynamic and fluid. Culture refers to the shared social construction of meanings, but simultaneously culture is often also a site of contested meanings. These recent formulations of the concept recognize that culture maybe the subject of disagreement and conflict within and among societies and this disagreement may include the definition of culture itself

Question 35

identity

Answer 35

Identity can refer either to the individual’s private and personal view of the self or to how an individual is viewed from the perspective of a social group. In addition, identity may also refer to group identity, which may take the form of religious identity, ethnic identity or national identity, for example.

Question 36

materiallity

Answer 36

Objects, resources and belongings have cultural meaning, described by Arjun Appadurai as “the social life of things” (Appadurai 1986). They are embedded in all kinds of social relations and practices. Some anthropologists seek to understand human experience through the study of material objects. This occurs, for example, in contemporary approaches that focus on the materiality of the body.

Question 37

power

Answer 37

Power is an essential feature of social relations and can be considered as a person's or group's capacity to influence, manipulate or control others and resources. In its broadest sense, power can be understood as involving distinctions and inequalities between members of a social group. Some approaches to power focus on structural power and understand power to be everywhere and to contribute in the production of reality

Question 38

social relations

Answer 38

Social relations refer to any relationship between two or more individuals in a network of relationships. Social relations involve an element of individual agency as well as group expectations, and form the basis of social organization and social structure. They pervade every aspect of human life and are extensive, complex, and diverse

Question 39

society

Answer 39

Society refers to the way in which humans organize themselves in groups and networks. Society is created and sustained by social relationships and institutions. The term “society” can also be used to refer to a human group that exhibits some internal coherence and distinguishes itself from other such groups

Question 40

symbolism

Answer 40

Symbolism is the study of the significance that people attach to objects, actions, and processes, creating networks of symbols through which they construct a culture’s web of meaning.