Anthropology Flashcards
(20 cards)
is the scientific study
of humanity, concerned with human
behavior, human
biology, cultures, societies,
and linguistics, in both the present
and past, including archaic human.
Anthropology
“anthropology” originates
from the Greek words “anthropos,”
which means
“human”
“logos,”
which means
“study”
which
refers to the study of humans
“anthropologos”
The systematic study of humans
as biological organism.
Physical Anthropology
The study of customary pattern in
human behavior, thoughts and
feelings.
Cultural Anthropology
The study of human culture
through the recovery and analysis
of material remains and
environmental data.
archeology
The study of human languages. It
also involves the interdisciplinary
study of how language influences
social life.
Linguistics
is a research method used
in anthropology and sociology to
understand and describe the culture of a
particular group or community.
Ethnography
the study and analysis of different
cultures from a comparative or
historical point of view, utilizing
ethnographic accounts and developing
anthropological theories
Ethnology
Seek an inside Perspective. Focuses on one culture ad looks doe culturally specific
Emic
Being outside perspective. Compare psychological theories across cultures.
Etic
states that most
societies were believed to pass through the same series of stages, to arrive ultimately
at a common end.
EARLY EVOLUTIONISM (E. Taylor and Lewis Henry Morgan)
believed that it was premature to formulate
universal law since there is a need to study the context of society in which they
appeared.
Cultural Relativism – FRANZ BOAS
spread the
idea that most aspects of civilization had emerged in culture centers and later
diffused outward.
DIFFUSIONISM – (British, German and Austrian Anthropologists)
advocates of this theory ask: Who control scarce
resources? It assumes that society can be explained based on the ff
assumptions: eco. determinism, dialectical process and social action.
CONFLICT THEORY
sees culture as it is expressed in art, ritual
and the patterns of daily life, as a surface representation of the underlying patterns of the
human mind.
STRUCTURALISM (CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS)
holds that all culture traits
serve the needs of individuals in a society; the function culture traits is to satisfy some
basic needs of the people
FUNCTIONALISM (BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI)
assumes
that the various aspects of social behavior maintain a society’s social structure
(network of relationships) rather that satisfying individual needs. It works in the ff
assumption: stability, harmony, equilibrium and evolution.
STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALIST APPROACH (RADCLIFFE BROWN)
seek to understand how psychological factors and
processes may help us explain cultural practices
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES
