Anthropology and Sociology

Question 1

It is the social science which studies man and his culture.

Answer 1

Anthropology

Question 2

A Greek word that means ‘man’

Answer 2

anthropos

Question 3

A Greek word that means ‘study’

Answer 3

logia

Question 4

Sub-disciplines of Anthropology

Answer 4

Cultural/Social and Biological/Physical

Question 5

A sub-discipline of anthropology that concerns the cultural aspects of man.

Answer 5

Cultural/Social

Question 6

A sub-discipline of anthropology that studies the biological features of man, including physiology and skeletal anatomy.

Answer 6

Biological/Physical

Question 7

A branch of anthropology that studies the human origin through material remains.

Answer 7

Archaeology

Question 8

A branch of anthropology that studies how language influences the social life of those that developed it.

Answer 8

Linguistics

Question 9

A branch of anthropology that studies cultural variation.

Answer 9

Ethnography and Ethnology

Question 10

A branch of anthropology that studies the production of material goods and services of human societies.

Answer 10

Economic Anthropology

Question 11

A branch of anthropology that is concerned about the comparative study of politics in historical, social, and cultural settings.

Answer 11

Political Anthropology

Question 12

A branch of anthropology that examines human skeletal remains.

Answer 12

Forensic Anthropology

Question 13

The social science that deals with the study of man as a member of society.

Answer 13

Sociology

Question 14

A Greek word that means ‘group’

Answer 14

socius

Question 15

An area of sociology that refers to a pattern of relationships between and among different groups and individual people.

Answer 15

Social Organization

Question 16

An area of sociology that refers to any alteration in how a society is organized.

Answer 16

Social Change and Disorganization

Question 17

An area of sociology that studies the nature and behavior of a given population and its interaction with the surrounding environment.

Answer 17

Human Ecology or Sociobiology

Question 18

An area of sociology that is concerned with the study of population number, composition, change, and quality of how these factors influence the larger systems.

Answer 18

Population Education or Demography

Question 19

An area of sociology that emphasizes the relationship between individual people and the larger social structures and processes in which they participate.

Answer 19

Social Psychology

Question 20

An area of sociology that is concerned with using sociological problems to solve social problems.

Answer 20

Applied Sociology

Question 21

He is a French Philosopher known as the “father of sociology” and the first to use the term “sociology” to refer to the scientific study of society.

Answer 21

Auguste Comte

Question 22

He compared society to a living organism with interdependent parts and supports a societal form of natural selection. He is known for coining the term “survival of the fittest.”

Answer 22

Herbert Spencer

Question 23

He developed the theory of ‘economic determinism.’ He believed that economics, not natural selection, determines the differences between the capitalists and the laborers.

Answer 23

Karl Marx

Question 24

He laid the primary foundations of Structural Functionalism. He coined the term “organic solidarity”

Answer 24

Emile Durkheim

Question 25

His theory of Structural Functionalism argues that cultural practices had physiological and psychological functions, such as the satisfaction of desires. His approach focused on biological needs.

Answer 25

Bronislaw Malinowski

Question 26

His theory of Structural Functionalism focused on social structure. He suggested that a society is a system of relationships maintaining itself through cybernetic feedback, while institutions are orderly sets of relationships whose function is to maintain the society as a system.

Answer 26

Alfred Reginald Radcliffe-Brown

Question 27

He is believed to be the true founder of symbolic interaction theory.

Answer 27

George Herbert Mead

Question 28

He greatly influenced Symbolic Interactionism. He believes society is a product of human activity and argued that a society is a product of social actions.

Answer 28

Max Weber

Question 29

His theory of Structural Functionalism focused on the conditions ensuring the conservation and stability of the social system. Thus, Symbolic Interactionism called into question whether the expectations and behaviors associated with the enactment of roles can be determined as precisely as he suggested.

Answer 29

Talcott Parsons

Question 30

They used the most recognizable view of Psychocultural Anthropology known as the configuration approach and combined the Boasian idea of cultural relativism with psychological ideas.

Answer 30

Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict

Question 31

His position on Symbolic Anthropology illustrates the interpretive approach. He suggested that humans are in need of symbolic "sources of illumination" to orient themselves with respect to the system of meaning in a particular culture.

Answer 31

Clifford Geertz

Question 32

He is known for his advocacy for neoevolutionism and the scientific study of culture, which he called culturology. He inspired the innovative anthropological thought 'Cultural Ecology.'

Answer 32

Leslie White

Question 33

He is regarded as the father of Anthropological Structuralism. He proposed that culture is composed of hidden rules that govern the behavior of its practitioners.

Answer 33

Claude Levi-Strauss

Question 34

It is a theory in sociology that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.

Answer 34

Structural Functionalism

Question 35

A theory first developed by Karl Marx that sees the society in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for limited resources.

Answer 35

Conflict Theory

Question 36

It is a theory in sociology that describes how societies are created and maintained through the repeated actions of individuals.

Answer 36

Symbolic Interactionism

Question 37

A theory in anthropology that assumes that culture lies within the basis of the individuals' interpretation of their surrounding environment, and that it does not in fact exist beyond the individuals themselves.

Answer 37

Symbolic Anthropology

Question 38

An anthropological theory that considers how environmental forces influence humans and how human activities affect the biosphere and the Earth itself.

Answer 38

Cultural Ecology

Question 39

An anthropological theory that suggests that the structure of human thought processes is the same in all culture, and that these mental processes exist in the form of binary oppositions.

Answer 39

Structuralism

Question 40

Methods used in Anthropology and Sociology

Answer 40

- Observation - Participant Observation - Survey - Interview - Case Study - Statistics