anthropology term 2

Question 1

foodways

Answer 1

cultural norms surrounding foods

Question 2

what do the chaga people, Tanzania - base their diet on?

Answer 2

plantains, and bananas

Question 3

food taboos

Answer 3

foods that are forbiden to eat deemed by cultural relavance

Question 4

what animal and why dont the nunak tribe hunt?

Answer 4

tapir- they even avoid the tracks as they are said to be re encarnations from the spirit world

Question 5

who are the san

Answer 5

nomadic hunter gatherers, in nabia and Botswana they speak in click languags

Question 6

how do the san divide food tasks

Answer 6

by gender and age

Question 7

economic anthropology

Answer 7

aspects of how humans meet their wants and needs , broad focus on non-market economies- social and cultural meanings- why people want things

Question 8

phases of economic activity

Answer 8

production, distribution, consumption

Question 9

factors of productions (relations and modes)

Answer 9

land, labour, capital relations- relationships formed around production (employee/emploer) modes - combinations of means and relations to for larger systems ( domestic/ capatialist productions)

Question 10

work amoung the san

Answer 10

modest needs, small surplus avrage of 4/5 hours of work per day- informal- intergrated into other activitys

Question 11

tributary productions

Answer 11

production still largly domestic, portion of production given to ruler as tribute- less control- pre-industrial society

Question 12

capitalist production

Answer 12

maodern industrial societys, workers sell their labour- less control over products and other disicions surrounding work

Question 13

reciprotocity types

Answer 13

generalized; nether time nor value of returne gift specified
balanced; return gost oof equal valuse
negative; parties try to get the better out of the echange

Question 14

san exchange

Answer 14

immediate return, maintain social relationships, minimize risks, staggerd exchange so noone is even/square

Question 15

market exchange

Answer 15

institution for regulating exchange money; multipourpouse medium of exchnage

Question 16

informal economies

Answer 16

economic activity unregulated and untaxed
operations according to own internal rules
missed by common economic metrics like gdp

Question 17

ways globalization has effected economies

Answer 17

disposded clothing in west sent to SA asia or africa- formal goods can transfer to informal econamies

iringa baskests
traditional basket making met with compitition from cheep plastic containers

Question 18

consumption influencing products and distrebution

Answer 18

consumer behaviour drives change, ethiclly sourced goods- (labels like fair trade, organic, local) conspicuious consumption leads to production of higher end products only used for status

Question 19

politics and econamy

Answer 19

diffrent groups have diffrent economic goals and resourses, political power dirived from ownership of economics ( land money labour) class ( defined by welth and consumption)

Question 20

caste

Answer 20

interbreading in hierarchical system. movment to other groups prohibited, ( essentially the lack of mix between classes)

Question 21

social complexcity

Answer 21

Many parts and connections between those parts
Large populations
Surplus production
More and larger institutions
Social stratification – distinct layers

Question 22

politicaal organization

Answer 22

scales of incresing complexity

do not represent progress or value

Question 23

bands

Answer 23

small scale societys
foregers
lacking formal leadership
few status diffrences
echange based on recipritorys

Question 24

political society of the san

Answer 24

insulting the meat ( dont even, Adam.)

comlaining and teasing

no leader everybodys responsable for themselfs and their part

Question 25

tribe

Answer 25

equal acsess to welth and prestige leaders emerge act to redistrubute weath may gainfollowers by indebting others big men ( lead by example and persuasion)

Question 26

yanomami

Answer 26

organized small village (few hundred) arranged marrage hokds feasts for peace and negotiation headman dictated by family leniage

Question 27

cheifdom

Answer 27

Leadership positions become institutionalized, hereditary Leaders have greater access to resources and prestige - stratification Greater ability to coerce Greater economic specialization

Question 28

states

Answer 28

bureaucracy with signifigant power(taxation, inforcment ) monopoly over the legitimente use of force large population supported by agricultiue significant stratification

Question 29

state formation

Answer 29

irrigation to state theory (defence for workers, production of wealth) circumscription( shut up Adam)- extracting more labour and goods from people - barriers that prevent trveling elsewhere Subsistence system based on easily taxable food(s)

Question 30

states and non states

Answer 30

Peoples who have effectively resisted incorporation into states: Mobile – foragers and pastoralists Challenging landscapes – deserts, mountains, jungles Ex. Central Asian Steppe peoples, Amazon Complicated relationships

Question 31

cause of state collapse

Answer 31

forgen invasion desise social inequaty natural disaster climate change enviornmental mismanagment

Question 33

societys maintaining control

Answer 33

enforce and encourage corperation methods of control diffrent/culturally dirived

Question 34

creating solidarity

Answer 34

Sodalities: mechanisms that create connectedness between people who are not family age sets; sodalities that organize people based on age examples (grades in schools, Maasai- boys, junior warrior, senior warrer, elders)

Question 35

power

Answer 35

ability to transform a situation

Question 36

modes of power

Answer 36

Interpersonal power Ability of one individual to impose their will on another Organizational power Ability to control others in particular social settings Structural power Control over social settings

Question 37

diffrence of power dependant on societys

Answer 37

coursion and persuasion in larger political states smaller scale partys instead using informal modes of persuasion

Question 38

diffrent types of conflict

Answer 38

Feuds – recurring hostility between kin groups Revenge Raids – acquires resources from other populations without controlling them Parasitic control of resoourses, control of neighbouring populations