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Exam 3 > Anti-Coagulant and Anti-Thrombotic Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-Coagulant and Anti-Thrombotic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Platelet phase of hemostasis

A

Primary hemostasis

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2
Q

Coagulation phase of hemostasis

A

Secondary hemostasis

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3
Q

These protrusions are found on activated platelets.

A

Fibrin protrusions

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4
Q

Activated platelets secrete these:

A

ADP, Thromboxane, and Serotonin

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5
Q

What do platelets bind to when a blood vessel is damaged?

A

Collagen and vWF

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6
Q

Two anticoagulant drugs

A

Heparin and Warfarin

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7
Q

Anti-platelet drug that inhibits COX1 and 2 so that Thromboxane is not made.

A

Aspirin

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8
Q

Very potent platelet activator and vasoconstrictor.

A

Thromboxane A2

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9
Q

Function of Thromboxane A2

A

Activates platelets and is a vasoconstrictor

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10
Q

For how long does the anti-platelet effect of aspirin last?

A

For the life of the platelet = 7 days

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11
Q

For how long do you have to be off Aspirin to lose the anti-platelet effect?

A

7 days

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12
Q

T/F: Aspirin affects the coagulation cascade.

A

FALSE

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13
Q

The only test affected by Aspirin

A

Bleeding time

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14
Q

What type of drug is Clopidogrel

A

Anti-platelet

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15
Q

How long do the effects of Clopidogrel last?

A

7 days- life of the platelet

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16
Q

Another name for Clopidogrel

A

Plavix

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17
Q

Clopidogrel MOA

A

Prevents ADP from binding to the platelet surface, thus inhibiting platelet aggregation

18
Q

Function of ADP in platelet pathway.

A

ADP promotes platelet aggregation by binding to the platelet surface.

ADP is a potent platelet activator.

19
Q

What is Aggrenox made of?

A

Dipyridamole and Aspirin

20
Q

Aggrenox MOA

A

Inhibits the uptake of adenosine

21
Q

Function of Thrombin

A

Converts Fibrinogen to Fibrin

22
Q

Activates Factor 7

A

Tissue Factor

Released from damaged tissues.

23
Q

This factor activates the coagulation cascade.

A

Factor 7

24
Q

Partial Thromboplastin Time measures which pathway?

A

Intrinsic

25
Q

Prothrombin Time measures which pathway?

A

Extrinsic

26
Q

Another name for the Prothrombin Time test.

A

INR

27
Q

Test used to measure Warfarin dosage.

A

Prothrombin Time/INR

28
Q

What do you want the INR to be for someone taking Warfarin?

A

2-3

29
Q

This INR value is associated with an increased risk of bleeding.

A

> 4

30
Q

This anticoagulant metabolizes/inactivates Thrombin.

A

Heparin; Thus prevents a clot from forming.

31
Q

Role of Thrombin.

A

Cleaves Fibrinogen to Fibrin to form a clot.

Is a vasoconstrictor.

32
Q

Can a pregnant woman be on Warfarin?

A

NO! Causes birth defects.

33
Q

Who is on Heparin?

A

1) Ppl with Acute Thrombosis (DVT, pulmonary emboli, etc.).
2) Pregnant women (Warfarin contraindicated)
3) Prophylaxis to prevent thrombosis
4) Patients who fail warfarin.

34
Q

How does Warfarin work?

A

It interferes with Vit. K, which is needed to make Factors 2, 7, 9, and 10.

35
Q

T/F: Depletion of circulating factors (2, 7, 9, and 10) must take place in order to see the effects of Warfarin.

A

True

36
Q

T/F: Synthesis of circulating factors must take place when Warfarin is stopped in order to see the effects.

A

True

37
Q

Natural anticoagulants that are vit. k- dependent, and whose levels are lowered by Warfarin.

A

Proteins C and S

38
Q

Pharmacology things to note about Warfarin:

A

1) Many drug:drug interactions.
2) Crosses the placenta- contraindicated in pregnancy
3) Dosage varies a lot between patients

39
Q

Procedures should NOT be done with an INR greater than ____.

A

4

40
Q

New Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC’s)

A

Dabigatran
Rivaroxaban
Apixaban

Exam 3 (9 decks)

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