Anti-epileptic Drugs

Question 1

What is Carbamazepine indicated for?

Answer 1

Partial seizures w/complex symptomatology

Question 2

What should you not take with Carbamazepine?

Answer 2

Grapefruit juice

–> impairs absorption & distribution

Question 3

What are some AEs of Carbamazepine?

Answer 3

Rahs (SJS)
Blood disorders
Liver disease
Bone health at risk

Question 4

How is this med administered?

Answer 4

Chewable tablets

Question 5

What are the indications for Clonazepam (klonipin)?

Answer 5

Absence seizures
Myoclonic seizures
Seizure clusters

Question 6

What are the AEs of Clonazepam?

Answer 6

Sedation
Rash
Behavioral/mood/memory disturbances
Blood/liver disorder
Tolerance

Question 7

What category of Meds is Clonazepam?

Answer 7

Benzodiazepine

Question 8

What should this drug be taken?

Answer 8

At night

–>because of its Benzo effects (Sedation)

Question 9

What is the DOC for Absence (petit mal) Epilepsy?

Answer 9

Ethosuximide

Question 10

What are the AEs of Ethosuximide?

Answer 10

N/V
Anorexia
Ab pain
blood disorders
Behavioral changes
Rash (SJS)
SLE like symptoms
Gum Overgrowth (but rare)

Question 11

What is the age limit for taking Felbamate?

Answer 11

Must be older then 14

Question 12

What is the indication for Felbamate?

Answer 12

Partial onset seizures & tonic clonic seizures

*Over for those with severe epilepsy

Question 13

What are 2 major AEs of Felbamate?

Answer 13

Aplastic anemia

Liver Failure

Question 14

What are the Anti-epileptic meds that can be given as monotherapy?

Answer 14

Felbamate

Carbamazepine

Question 15

When would you use Gabapentin?

Answer 15

As an add on only for partial seizures only

w/or w/out secondary generalization

Question 16

How old do the patients have to be for Gabapentin to be prescribed?

Answer 16

At least 12 years old

Question 17

What are some side effects of Gabapentin?

Answer 17

WG, Fatigue, Dizzy

Question 18

What else can Gabapentin be prescribed for?

Answer 18

Fibromialgia

Question 19

Which drug is a broad spectrum alternative for Depakote?

Answer 19

Lamotrigine

Question 20

What is Lamotrigine given for?

Answer 20

As an add on for

• -> Simple or complex partial seizures
• -> Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
• -> Primary Generalized tonic clonic seizures
• -> Monotherpary for adults

Question 21

What are the side effects of Lamotrigine

Answer 21

Dizzy, fatigue, insomnia, rarely SJS (secondary infections risk)

Question 22

What is an add on therapy for partial seizures in patients at least 4 years old w/epilespy

Answer 22

Levetiracetam

Question 23

What else can Levetiracetam be prescribed for?

Answer 23

Myoclonic seizures in pts at least 12 or older with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or for primary generalized tonic clonic seizures in pts at least 6 years

Question 24

How old do pts have to be to get Oxcarbazempine?

Answer 24

At least 4 yrs old

Question 25

What is Oxcarbazempine not prescribed for?

Answer 25

Absence or myoclonic seizures

Question 26

What is Phenobarbital prescribed for?

Answer 26

Add on for tonic clonic seizures or partial

Question 27

what are the side effects of phenobarbital?

Answer 27

OD, sedation, respiratory suppression, rash, SJS, liver/blood disorder, dependence, w/drawal, bone health, fetal health

Question 28

What are the side effects of Oxcarbazepine?

Answer 28

Anaphylaxis Angioedema Hyponatremia SJS

Question 29

What is Phenytoin used for?

Answer 29

Monotherapy for all age groups, no age restrictions

Question 30

What seizures is Phenytoin prescribed for?

Answer 30

Partial & primary Grand Mal. Best for Partial

Question 31

Side effects of Phenytoin?

Answer 31

``` Impairs cognition Hair growth (cosmetic) Skin reactions, rashes, SJS Difficulty controlling levels Bone health Fetal health Gingiva Hyperplasia (Gum disease) ```

Question 32

Is Phenytoin a maintenance medication?

Answer 32

Yes, it is only a chronic/maintenance drug

Question 33

What is Pregabalin used for?

Answer 33

Add on for Partial & Secondary generalized seizures

Question 34

Will Pregabalin work on primary seizures?

Answer 34

No, they are not affected with this med

Question 35

Side effects of Pregabalin?

Answer 35

No protein binding | Similar side effects to Gabapentin

Question 36

What are the drug interactions of Pregabalin?

Answer 36

There are none

Question 37

Does the liver metabolize Pregabaline?

Answer 37

No, it is not metabolized by the liver

Question 38

What are the side effects of Topiramate?

Answer 38

``` Cognitive problems in 1/3 of pts Renal stones (1-2%) Glaucoma W Metabolic acidosis Depression, agitations, hostility, psychosis Sulfa allergy ```

Question 39

What is Topiramate prescribed for?

Answer 39

Works for adults & children (6-12) for --> Partial onset seizures --> Primary or generalized tonic clonic seizures Seizures associated with LGS 2yrs old +

Question 40

Is Topiramate used for Monotherapy or adjunctive?

Answer 40

Both

Question 41

What age group is Valproic acid given to?

Answer 41

Any age group

Question 42

What seizures is Valproic acid (Depakote) used for?

Answer 42

Simple or complex absence or partial seizures

Question 43

What are some AEs of Valproic acid?

Answer 43

``` WG Tremor Hair loss GI upset Blood disorders Hepatic or pancreatic injury Bone health (osteoporosis) Fetal health ```

Question 44

What would you prescribe Vigabatrin for?

Answer 44

Partial seizures W/or w/out secondary generalization Infantile spasms

Question 45

What are the AEs of Vigabatrin?

Answer 45

Blindness | Renal Toxicity

Question 46

What side effects could present with Acetazolamide?

Answer 46

``` Tinnitus Numbness Tingling (paraesthesia) N/V Loss of appetite Rash (Sulfa allergy) SJS Blood disorder Acidosis ```

Question 47

What are the indications for Acetazolamide?

Answer 47

Absence seizures Unlocalized seizures Catamenial seizures