Anti-hyperglycemic

Question 1

What are oral anti-hyperglycemic agents?

Answer 1

Medications used to lower blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Question 2

True or False: Oral anti-hyperglycemic agents are used for type 1 diabetes.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Name one class of oral anti-hyperglycemic agents.

Answer 3

Sulfonylureas

Question 4

What is the primary mechanism of action for biguanides?

Answer 4

To decrease hepatic glucose production and improve insulin sensitivity.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Metformin is a type of __________.

Answer 5

biguanide

Question 6

Which oral anti-hyperglycemic agent stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas?

Answer 6

Sulfonylureas

Question 7

What are DPP-4 inhibitors known for?

Answer 7

They inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which increases incretin levels.

Question 8

True or False: Thiazolidinediones increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the brand name of the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin?

Answer 9

Januvia

Question 10

Name a side effect associated with sulfonylureas.

Answer 10

Hypoglycemia

Question 11

Fill in the blank: __________ are medications that delay carbohydrate absorption in the intestines.

Answer 11

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Question 12

What is the primary benefit of using GLP-1 receptor agonists?

Answer 12

They promote weight loss and improve glycemic control.

Question 13

Which oral anti-hyperglycemic agent is a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor?

Answer 13

Canagliflozin

Question 14

What is the mechanism of action for SGLT2 inhibitors?

Answer 14

They reduce glucose reabsorption in the kidneys.

Question 15

True or False: All oral anti-hyperglycemic agents are taken once a day.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is the starting dose of Metformin usually prescribed?

Answer 16

500 mg

Question 17

Fill in the blank: __________ is a common side effect of Metformin.

Answer 17

Gastrointestinal upset

Question 18

Which class of drugs is known to cause weight gain?

Answer 18

Sulfonylureas

Question 19

What is the target HbA1c level for most adults with diabetes?

Answer 19

Less than 7%

Question 20

True or False: Thiazolidinediones can increase the risk of heart failure.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the role of insulin sensitizers?

Answer 21

To enhance the body’s response to insulin.

Question 22

Name a contraindication for using Metformin.

Answer 22

Severe renal impairment

Question 23

What are incretin mimetics?

Answer 23

Drugs that mimic the action of incretin hormones to lower blood sugar.

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The mechanism of action for DPP-4 inhibitors involves __________.

Answer 24

inhibition of the DPP-4 enzyme

Question 25

What is the main advantage of SGLT2 inhibitors?

Answer 25

They promote renal excretion of glucose.

Question 26

True or False: All oral anti-hyperglycemic agents must be used in combination with insulin.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What is the typical response time for oral anti-hyperglycemic agents?

Answer 27

They typically take weeks to show full effects.

Question 28

Which agent is used to treat hypoglycemia caused by sulfonylureas?

Answer 28

Glucagon

Question 29

What is a common monitoring parameter for patients on oral anti-hyperglycemic agents?

Answer 29

Blood glucose levels

Question 30

Fill in the blank: __________ is a potential side effect of SGLT2 inhibitors.

Answer 30

Urinary tract infections

Question 31

What is the main goal of therapy with oral anti-hyperglycemic agents?

Answer 31

To achieve and maintain good glycemic control.

Question 32

True or False: Lifestyle changes are not important when using oral anti-hyperglycemic agents.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is the importance of patient education when prescribing oral anti-hyperglycemic agents?

Answer 33

To ensure proper use and adherence to therapy.