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Pharmacology > Anti Hypertensive Drugs > Flashcards

Anti Hypertensive Drugs Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Classification of anti hypertensive drugs

A

SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS
VASODILATORS
DIURETICS

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2
Q

Classification of anti hypertensive drugs

A

SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS
VASODILATORS
DIURETICS

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3
Q

SYMPATHOLYTIC drugs are

A

CENTRALLY ACTING

ADRENERGIC NEURON RECEPTOR BLOCKERS

RECEPTOR BLOCKERS

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4
Q

Centrally acting drugs are

A

Alpha methyldopa
Clonidine

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5
Q

Adrenergic drugs are

A

Reserpine

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6
Q

Receptor blockers are

A

Beta blockers
Alpha blockers
Both beta and alpha blockers

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7
Q

Beta blockers are

A

Atenolol
Meteprolol
Nevibilol
Bisprolol
Propanolol

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8
Q

Alpha blockers

A

Prazosin
Terazosin

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9
Q

Alpha blockers used in BEP

A

Alfazosin
Tamsulosin

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10
Q

Both Alpha and beta blockers

A

Carvedilol
Labetalol

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11
Q

Vasodilators are

A

Arteriolar dilators
Arteriovenous dilators
Ca++ channel blockers
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor blockers

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12
Q

Arteriolar dilators

A

Minoxidil
Diazoxide
Hydralazin

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13
Q

Arteriovenous dilators

A

Terazosin
Prazosin
Na nitroprusside

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14
Q

Ca++ channel blockers (ine)

A

Amlodipine
Clinidipine
Nifedipine
Diltiazem
Verapamil

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15
Q

ACE inhibitors (pril)

A

Ramipril
Perindopril
Captopril

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16
Q

ARB (tan. )

A

Losartan potassium
Olmesartan
Valsartan

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17
Q

Diuretics

A

Hydrochlorothiazide
Frusemide
Indapamide
Bumatanide
Spironolactone

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18
Q

Safe in pregnancy anti hypertensive drugs

A

Labetalol
Alpha methyldopa
Nifedipine

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19
Q

Pharmacological approach

A

Mild HTN = AC+ C + D or B

Moderate = D +B or AC +D

Severe = D+ B + Vasodilators

Malignant = D+B+ VD + C or Ace

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20
Q

A/E of methyldopa

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A

Central =
Sedation
Headache
Depression
Dry mouth
Nightmare
Gyanomastia
Decreased libido
Galactorrhea
EPS
Decreased libido

Peripheral =
Bradycardia
Sinus arrest
Hepatotoxicity
Hemolytic anemia
Leucopenia
Thrombocytopenia

21
Q

Catergorization of beta blockers

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A

Acc to receptor selectivity
Acc to intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Acc to membrane stabilizing activity

22
Q

Selective b blockers cardio selective

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A

atenolol
Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Acebutolol
Esmolol
Nebivolol

23
Q

Non selective beta blockers

Study These Flashcards
A

Propanolol
Timolol
Nadolol
Sotalol
Nadolol

24
Q

Acc to intrinsic symapathomimetic activity

Study These Flashcards
A

Pindolol
Acebutolol
Labetolol
Celiprolol

25
Acc to membrane stabilising activity
MSA beta blockers = Propanolol Acebutolol metoprolol pindolol Non MSA beta blockers = timolol nadolol sotalol
26
Categorization of ca++ channel blockers
Acc to chemical structure Acc to selectivity
27
Ca channel Acc to chemical structure
Phenyl alkylamine = Verapamil Benzothiazepine = Diltiazem Dihydropryridine = nifedipine amlodipine nimodipine nicardipine
28
Acc to selectivity
Cardio selective Verapamil Diltiazem Vessoselective Amlodipine Nifidipine Nimodipine Nicardipine
29
Pharmacological action of propanol
CVS = decrease HR , FC , A-V conduction , O2 consumption Respiratory = Bronchospasm Eye = decrease IOP Kidney = decrease renin release CNS = insomnia tremor restlessness Peripheral vessel = cold extremity due to vasoconstriction Metabolism = increase TG hyperglycemia
30
M/A of Propanolol
HEART (-) chronotropic action (decrease HR) (-) inotropic action ( decrease FC) Decrease CO Decrease BP VMC Decrease sympathetic discharge (-) vasoconstriction Decrease BP Kidney Decrease renin release Decrease aldosterone secretion Decrease blood volume Decrease BP
31
Indications of Propanolol
HTN Angina Cardiac arrhythmia Post MI Hyperthyroidism Pheochromocytoma Anxiety Headache Migraine Essential tremor Glaucoma
32
A/E of Propanolol
Bradycardia Hypotension Heart block Cardiac failure Bronchospasm Dsylipidemia Hyperglycemia Cold extremity Sexual interference
33
Contraindications of Propanolol
Cardiac failure Heart block Bronchial asthma DM Bradycardia Hypotension
34
Propanolol contraindications in DM
(-) release of insulin and blocks B cells of pancreas If development of hypoglycaemia with symptom of anxiety palpitations sweating Propanolol will correct these above symptoms ; so patient will go to hypoglycaemic shock without any symptoms of hypoglycaemia
35
Propanolol contraindications in DM
(-) release of insulin and blocks B cells of pancreas If development of hypoglycaemia with symptom of anxiety palpitations sweating Propanolol will correct these above symptoms ; so patient will go to hypoglycaemic shock without any symptoms of hypoglycaemia
36
Atenolol is safer than Propanolol
Only B1 blocker so act on heart and decrease BP BUT Propanolol is both B1 and B2 blocker and decrease BP with more adverse effects Can’t cross BBB so no CNS effect No effects on B2 receptor so Safe in bronchial asthma and DM Less chance of dyslipidemia
37
Prazosin Alpha 1 blocker pharmacological action
CVS = decrease Bp Others= eye miosis GIT = diarrhoea Ejaculatory failure Flushing Increase RBF
38
Prazosin Alpha 1 blocker pharmacological action
CVS = decrease Bp Others= eye miosis GIT = diarrhoea Ejaculatory failure Flushing Increase RBF
39
Indications of Prazosin
HTN with atherosclerosis Pheochromocytoma PVD CCF Mitral or aortic valvular insufficiency BPH Causalgia
40
A/E of Prazosin
POSTURAL HYPOTENSION Failure of ejaculation Diarrhoea Flushing Headache
41
Anti hypertensive role of Prazosin
Alpha 1 receptor block in vein and arteriole Vaso and vasodilation Decrease BP
42
Renin angiotensin aldosterone axis drugs
ACE inhibitors ( angiotensin converting enzyme = peptidyl dipeptidase ) ARB Beta blockers Direct renin inhibitor = Aliskiron
43
Indications of ACE inhibitors
HTN HTN with DM HTN with LVH HTN with MI
44
A/ E of ace inhibitors
DRY COUGH ( due to bradykinin ) Hypotension Hyperkelemia Skin rash Angioneuratic oedema Glycosuria Neutopenia Hepatotoxicity
45
Contradindicaruons of ace
ARF Systolic Bp= less than 100mm Hg Bilateral renal artery stenosis Pregnancy
46
How ace cause postural hypotension
No vasoconstriction Venodilation Decrease sympathetic discharge Postural hypotension So should be taken at bed time
47
Indications of Amlodipine
HTN Angina Cardiac arrhythmia HTn with br asthma Raynaud’s phenomenon Migraines prophylaxis Systemic sclerosis
48
A/E of Amlodipine
ANKLE OEDEMA ( except clindipine ) Hypotension Bradycardia Headache Dizziness Flushing Palpitation Cough / wheeze
49
Contraindications of Amlodipine
Bradycardia Hypotension Heart block A - V block CCF Liver disease Heart block Constipation Gum hyperplasia

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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