Anti-Hypertensive Drugs, Blood Pressure & Blood Clotting Drugs Flashcards
(35 cards)
Blood pressure equation
BP= TPR x CO
What determines Cardiac Output
Venous return,blood volume, stroke volume, heart rate
Hypertension value (constant)
140/90
Ischaemic Heart Disease, Strokes, Peripheral Vascular Disease caused by high or low bp
High BP
Causes of high BP
ethnic predisposition, genetic factors, low birth weight, environmental factors, drugs, kidney and cardiovascular disease.
Initial treatment
lifestyle change
baroreceptors in carotid sinus cause a response via the S.A node by sending information to
the medulla
ACE Inhibitors end in…..
pril…..e.g, captopril, lisinopril
Normally renin causes angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1 then ACE in lungs convert it to angiotensin 2 leading to
aldosterone secretion and vasoconstriction.
If ACE is blocked
vasodilation occurs, bp lowers. TPR lowers.
Side affects of ACE Inhibitors
hypotension, renal problems, dry cough, rash
Renin-angiotensin systems responsible for
long term BP control
Angiotensin receptor antagonists end in
artan….e.g- losartan, valsartan (less side effects than ACE Inhibitors)
Beta blockers end in
olol….e.g- Atenolol, propranolol
Beta blockers (B1) reduce
Cardiac Output & Renin release
Atenolol
reduce vasoconstriction in sympathetic system
Propranolol
reduce HR/ force, increase renal blood flow
Side effects of Beta Blockers
lethargy, aching limbs, erectile dysfunction.
Alpha Blockers block action of
adrenaline & N adrenaline causing vasodilation
Alpha Blockers end in
osin….e.g- Doxazosin, Prazosin
Thiazide like diuretics end in
ide….e.g- bendroflumethiazide, indapamide
Effect of thiazide like diuretics
increase urine output, lower BP & blood volume
Calcium Channel Blockers end in
pine…e.g- Nifredipine, nicardipine
effect of CCB’s
raise HR, cause vasoconstriction
