ANTI INFECTIVE DRUGS

Question 1

Common illnesses due to action of bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses

Question 2

Infection wherein a patient does not show any positive signs or symptoms of infection

Question 3

Most important therapeutic evaluation for designing a therapeutic plan

Question 4

Type of therapy wherein the physician prescribes the possible, most potent drug available, hoping that it would hit the causative agent

Question 5

Agents that work against the common metabolic pathway required for survival of pathogenic cells

Question 6

Antibacterial agents that slow down or inhibit the growth of pathogenic cell

Question 7

Antibacterial agents that kill the pathogenic cell

Question 8

First marketed agents in the form of sulfanilamides

Question 9

Discovered by Domagk from protonsil (azo dye)

Question 10

MOA: inhibits dihydropteroate synthase from adding PABA to folic acid precursor

Question 11

PABA meaning

Question 12

Used for toxoplasmosis, UTI and pyrimethamine

Question 13

SAR: sulfonamide N is attached to H for similar pKa as PABA

Question 14

SAR: no other ring substitutions

Question 15

SAR: aromatic N4 is required for activity

Question 16

SAR: N1 acetylation = prodrug, must hydrolyze in gut

Question 17

Usually taken together with sulfomethoxazole

Question 18

SAR: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, preventing conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid

Question 19

Use: UTI

Question 20

SAR: serves as analog of dihydrofolic acid

Question 21

Active form of dihydrofolic acid

Question 22

Derived from nalidixic acid (1st generation)

Question 23

MOA: inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV used for DNA replication

Question 24

Use: UTI, STDs, respiratory tract infection (RTI), bone infection

Question 25

SAR of quinolone is (dependent/independent) on substitution

Question 26

SAR: COOH and ketone binds to the gyrase (most important component)

Question 27

SAR: R1 for potency; must be ethyl or cyclopropyl

Question 28

SAR: C6-F improves penetration of bacterial cell wall

Question 29

SAR: C7-heterocyclic substitution increase gram (-) activity

Question 30

SAR: R8 affects activity especially when fused with R1

Question 31

Should not be taken with metal-containing preparations as it could cause precipitation; sometimes causes phototoxicity