Anti-Parasite Flashcards

(43 cards)

1
Q

Les ectoparasites

A

Qui vivent à la surface du corps

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2
Q

Site d’infection de la gale (Sarcoptes scabei)

A

Peau humaine, poignets, sillons interdigitaux

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3
Q

Transmission du Sarcoptes scabei

A

Transmission contact personne-personne
Incubation 2 mois

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4
Q

Sx gale

A

Prurit cutané

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5
Q

Traitement pour la Gale

A

Perméthrine 5% ou Ivermectin PO

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6
Q

Endoparasites

A

Intérieur de l’organisme

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7
Q

Classification des Taenia, Diphyllobotrium, Echinococcus

A

Helminthe, plats, segmenté

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8
Q

Les types de Taenia et les 2 présentations

A

T. saginata = boeuf
T. Salium = porc

Taeniase = intestinale
Cysticercose = extra-intestinale

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9
Q

Mécanisme de transmission du Taenia Saginata ou Taenia Salium (intestinal) –> Taeniase

A

1- eggs in human feces passed to environment
2-Cattle/pig ingests contaminated vegetation
3- Development in muscle
4- human eats raw meat
5- Taenia attaches in intestin

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10
Q

Sx taeniase

A

Surtout asymptomatique
Occasionnellement: segment selles, No, Anorexie

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11
Q

Mécanisme du Taenia solium (cysticercose)

A

1- eggs in human feces passed to environment
2- Egg ingested by human
3- Egg hatches, penetrates intestine wall, circulates muscles
4- Cysticercose

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12
Q

Sx cysticercose

A

Phase Asx 3-8 semaine post ingestion (tolérance immunitaire)

Phase inflammatoire: 3-5 ans après infection, dégénérescence des défences

NEurocysticercose: épilepsie

Cysticercose extra-neural (oculaire, IM)

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13
Q

Traitement taeniase

A

Praziquantel ou Niclosamide (vérifier cure 3 mois)

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14
Q

Traitement neurocysticercose

A

Anti-épileptiques
Corticothérapie
Antiparasitaire inutil si calcifé, danger si oedeme (Albendazole 7-28j)

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15
Q

Dyphyllobothrium latum sx

A

Habituellement Asx, mais compétition B12 (diminu B12)

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16
Q

Mécanisme de transmission diphyllobothrium latum

A

1- egg in feces
2- egg in water
3- egg hatched and ingested by crustaceans
4-Larvae in crustacea, ingested by fish
5- human ingests raw fish
6-Adults in small intestin
7- immature egg in intestin

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17
Q

Traitement Diphyllobothrum latum

A

Praziquantel

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18
Q

3 présentation clinique echinococcus

A

1- Kystique = E. granulosus
2- Alvéolaire = E. multicularis
3- Polykystique = vogeli

19
Q

Mécanisme Echinococcus

A

1- Adult cestod in definite host (dog)
2- Egg in feces
3- Ingestion egg by intermediate hoste or by human
4- Cyst in liver, lungs, etc

20
Q

Traitement echinococcus

A

Chirurgie
Albendazole
Laparoscopie (granulosus)

21
Q

Classification des Schistosoma

A

Helminthe - plat- non segmenté - Trématode

22
Q

Lésion de base Schistosoma

23
Q

Variation géographique

A

Intestinal ou Urogénital

24
Q

Mécanisme du schistosoma

A

1- Egg in water
2- Egg hatches in water
3- penetrates in snail and develops
4- Released by snail in water, free swimming
5- PEnetrates skin
6- Migrates to liver, mature into adult
7- Adult worm in bowel/rectum

25
Sx schistosomiase aigue
Dermatite du baigneur < 24h après exposition Éruption prurigineuse/papulaire dure ad 1 semaine Pré-exposition aggrave les Sx Fièvre Katayama (2-8 sem post infx, migration vers et début de ponte)
26
Sx schistosomiase chronique
Asymptomatique Sinon des souches ont des Sx spécifiques S. mansoni = polypose, ulcère S. japonicum = myocardite S. haetuobium = hématurie
27
Traitement Shistosoma
Praziquantel (retester 3-6 mois)
28
Classification des Ascaris, trichuris, enterobius, microfilaires
Helminthe - rond - nématode
29
Sx enterobius vermicularis
Prurit anal, irritabilité, occ vaginal
30
Mécanisme de transmission de l'enterobius vermicularis
1- Egg in per-anal fold. Larva in egg - matures in 4-6 h 2- Embryonated egg ingested by human 3- Larva hatches in small intestines 4- Adult in caecum, female migrates to perianale to lay eggs
31
Tx pour enterobius vermicularis
Mébemdazole ou pyrantel
32
Mécanisme de transmission du Ascaris
1- Adul in smalll intestin 2- FErtilized egg in nature 3- Embryonated egg 4- Ingestion of egg by human 4- Hatched egg in larva -- goes to lungs 6- Coughs lungs out and goes back to TGI
33
Sx Ascaris
ASx Hypersensibilité pulmonaire (pneumonite) Vomir un ver Obstruction iléo-caecale Obstruction voies biliaires
34
Traitement Ascaris
Pas de Tx lors pneumonite Sinon Albendazole, mébendale, pyrantel (grossesse) Suivi 3 mois
35
Type d'infection à ankylostomidés
Intestinaux ou cutanés
36
Mécanisme ankylostomidés intestinal
Pénétration dans la peau provenant de la larve dans l'environnement
37
Sx ankylostomidés intestinaux
Anémie ferriprive, malabsorption, Sx respiratoire
38
Différence avec ankylostomidés cutanés
Juste dans la peau, aussi animaux, pas même capacité de nous envahir
39
Tx ankylostomidé
Mébendazole
40
Particularité de strongyloides stercoralis
Tropical et sub Cycle complet chez humain
41
Sx strongyloides stercoralis
Irritation locale site inoculation, peu symptomatique Migration visible, souvent fesse Duodénite, hyperinfx immunodéprimés
42
Tx Strongyloides stercoralis
Ivermectin ou albendaole
43
Mécanisme de trichinella spiralis
Consommation de viande crue, stade intestinal vs stade muscuulaire