Antiarrhythmics Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the adverse effects of Procainamide?
- hypotension
- reversible SLE-like syndrome
What are the adverse effects of Quinidine?
- cinchonism
- diarrhea
- thrombocytopenia
- increase in digitalis toxicity
- Torsades de pointes
What are the adverse effects of Disopyramide?
- heart failure
- antimuscarinic effect
What are the adverse effects of Lidocaine/Mexiletine?
- local anesthesia
- CNS depression/elevation
- CV depression
- allergies
What are the adverse effects of Flecainide/Propafenone?
- arrhythmias, especially post-MI
- CNS toxicity
What are the adverse effects of Dofetilide/Ibutilide?
- Torsades de pointes
- bradycardia
What are the adverse effects of Amiodarone?
- pulmonary fibrosis
- hepatotoxicity
- hypo/hyperthyroidism
- corneal deposits
- blue-gray skin deposits
- neurologic effects
- constipation
- CV depression
- NO TORSADES
What are the adverse effects of Verapamil/Diltiazem?
- constipation
- flushing
- dizziness
- edema
- SA & AV block
- hypotension
What are the adverse effects of Adenosine?
- flushing
- hypotension
- chest pain
- transient asystole
What are the adverse effects of K+?
- reentrant arrhythmias
- fibrillation
- cardiac arrest
What are the adverse effects of Magnesium?
- muscle weakness in overdose
What are the adverse effects of Digoxin?
- arrhythmias (atrial & ventricular premature contraction, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia w/block, ventricular tachycardia)
What classes are used to treat reentry ventricular tachycardia & fibrillation?
- Class I (except Ic)
- class III
What classes are used to treat ventricular tachycardia?
- amiodarone
- lidocaine
- procaineamide
- sotalol or flecainide if no MI or CHD
What classes are used to treat reentry atrial fibrillation and flutter?
- rhythm control
- class I and class III
- rate control
- CCBs, beta-blockers, warfarin
What classes are used to treat supraventricular tachycardias?
- class IV, class II, digoxin
- class III agents with sceondary characteristics: amiodarone, sotalol
What classes are used to treat AV nodal reentry (paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia)?
Adenosine
Which drugs should not be used to treat arrhythmias in pts with strutural and ischemic heart disease?
Flecainide, Propafenone (class IC)
Which drugs should not be used in pts with CHF?
Dronedarone, Amiodarone, Sotalol, Verapamil, Diltiazem, beta-blockers
Which drug should not be used in pts with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?
Digoxin - can cause ventricular fibrillation
Amiodarone inhibits which CYP enzymes?
- CYP2C9 - Wafarin
- CYP2D6 - some beta-blockers
- CYP3A4 - CCBs
Which drugs are associated with Torsades de pointes?
- Quinidine
- Dofetilide, Ibutilide
- Sotalol
What drugs are used to treat Digitalis-induced arrhythmias?
- Mg2+
- K+
- Lidocaine (IB)
