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FCP Week 3 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

6 1st line antibiotics

A
  1. Penicillins
  2. 1st gen-cephalosporins
  3. Amoxy/clauv
  4. TMPS (trimethoprim sulfonamide)
  5. Tetracyclines
  6. Lincosamides
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2
Q

3 narrow spectrum 2nd line antibioitcs

A

Aminoglycosides
metronidazole
macrolides

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3
Q

1 broad spectrum 2nd line antibioitic

A

Chloramphenicol

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4
Q

2 critically important 2nd/3rd line antibiotics

A

1.Floroquinolones
2. Cefovecin

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5
Q

3 3rd line antibiotics

A
  1. 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins
  2. Rifampicin
  3. Fosfomycin
    All are critically important
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6
Q

5 restricted antibiotics

A

Glycopeptides (vancomycin, teicoplanin)
carbapenems & monbactams
Oxazolides: linezolid
Lipopeptides_ daptomycin
Riminofenazines: clofazaime

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7
Q

2nd line antibiotic use

A

Wherever possible use C&S
Must C&S for critical group

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8
Q

6 possible antibiotic targets

A
  1. Inhibition of protein synthesis
  2. inhibition of cell membrane function
  3. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
  4. Interference with other pathways- such as blocking folic acid
  5. Inhibition of DNA dependent RNA polymerase
  6. Disruption of DNA structure
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9
Q

Mechanism of Penicillins

A

bactericidal
Beta-lactam- inhibition of cell wall synthesis- stop peptide crosslinks in cell wall

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10
Q

Mechanism and spectrum of tetracycline

A

Bacteriostatic
Inhibits translation- block tRNA attachment of 30S subunit on ribosome and inhibits mRNA production

Very Broad

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11
Q

Mechanism and spectrum and risk of TMPS

A

Bacteriocidal
Interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking folic acid production

Broad
-> can induce secondary immune-mediated disease

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12
Q

mechanism and spectrum of nitromidazoles (Metronidazole)

A

Bactericidal
Disrupt DNA structure

Narrow- aimed at ANAEROBIC

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13
Q

Mechanism and spectrum of steroid antibiotics (fusidic acid in ear drops)

A

bacteriostatic/bactericidal- affect protein synthesis

narrow- most effective against gram +ve

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14
Q

Mechanism, examples and spectrum of aminoglycosides

A

Bactericidal- inhibit protein synthesis (30S subunit)

streptomycin, neomycin, gentamycin, amikacin

narrow- predominantly gram -ve AEROBIC

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15
Q

Mechanism, examples and spectrum of amphenicols

A

Bacteriostatic
inhibits protein synthesis at 50S subunit

Chloramphenicol (not in food animals), florfenicol (not in milk or egg animals)

very broad

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16
Q

Mechanism, examples and spectrum of amphenicols

A

Bacteriostatic
inhibits protein synthesis at 50S subunit

Chloramphenicol (not in food animals), florfenicol (not in milk or egg animals)

very broad

17
Q

Mechanism, examples and spectrum of macrolides

A

bacteriostatic- inhibit protein synthesis at 50s subunit

Erythromycin, Tylosin, Spiramycin

Intermediate- more actions against gram +ve and anaerobic

18
Q

Mechanism, examples and spectrum of lincosamides

A

Bacteriostatic- inhibit protein synthesis at 50S subunit

Lincomycin, clindamycin

Intermediate

19
Q

Example of 2nd gen cephalosporin

A

Cefuroxime

20
Q

mechanism of cephalosporines

A

bactericidal
beta lactam, stop peptide links in cell wall

21
Q

Examples of 1st gen cephalosporin

A

Cefadroxil
Cephalexin

22
Q

Examples of 34d nad 4th gen cephalosporins

A

Cefovecin
Ceftazidime

23
Q

mechanism, use and spectrum of polymixin B

A

Bactericidal- distrupt outer membrane of gram -ve

Narrow

Used for pseudomonal infections, superficial ocular infections in horses, never used systemically

24
Q

mechanism, examples, uses and spectrum of fluoroquinolones

A

bacterididal- inhibit DNA gyrase and supercoiling of DNA

Difloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Marbofoxacin

Broad

OFTEN USED IN POULTRY, Enrofloxacin licensed in exotics but not always best 1st choice, DO NOT USE IN NOENATE

25
Q

Synergistic/additive

A

bacteriostatic are additive to one another
Bactericidal are synergistic with one another

26
Q

most common antibioitcs used in livestock farming

A
  1. Penicillins
  2. Tetracyclines
  3. Macrolides
  4. Sulfonamides
27
Q

Antibiotic aimed at anaerobic that is in small animals intestinal surgery

A

Metronidazole

28
Q

2 antibiotics which might be used after high-risk small animal surgery

A

2nd gen cephalosporine e.g. cefuroxime
Augmentin- amoxy/clauv

29
Q

2 possible antibiotics given for high-risk equine surgery

A

procaine peniclilin
Gentamicin

30
Q

2 possible antibiotics for pyelonephritis

A

TMPS
Amoxy/clauv

31
Q

2 possible antibiotics given for UTI with prostatitis

A

Fluroquinolones- Difloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Marbofoxacin
TMPS

32
Q

2 possible antibiotics given fro cystitis / struvite urolithiasis

A

Amoxy/clauv
TMPS

33
Q

Combination of antibiotics used in intramammary suspensions

A

Penicillin/streptomycin

FCP Week 3 (9 decks)

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