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Antibiotics Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

Strep Pneumonia Gram Stain

A

+

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2
Q

Morazella Catarrhalis Gram Stain

A

-

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3
Q

Haemophillus Influenzae Gram Stain

A

-

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4
Q

Mycoplasma Pneumonia Gram Stain

A

Neither - no cell wall

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5
Q

Strep Pyogenes Gram Stain

A

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6
Q

Staph Aureus Gram Stain

A

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7
Q

E coli Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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8
Q

Staph Saprophyticus Gram Stain

A

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9
Q

Klebsiella Sp Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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10
Q

Proteus Mirabilis Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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11
Q

Chlamydia Trachomatis Gram Stain

A

-

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12
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhea Gram Stain

A

-

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13
Q

Trichomonas Vaginalis Gram Stain

A

Neither - protozoa

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14
Q

Gardnerella Vaginallis gram stain is variable

A

Variable?

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15
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis Gram Stain

A

-

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16
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Gram Stain

A

-

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17
Q

Giardia lamblia Gram Stain

A

neither - protozoa

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18
Q

GI tract causative organisms

A

Campylobacter & Giardia

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19
Q

CNS causative organisms

A

Neisseria Meningitidis

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20
Q

Genital tract causative organisms

A

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomonas vaginalis, gardnerella vaginalis

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21
Q

Urinary tract causative organisms

A

E.coli, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis, staph saprophyticus

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22
Q

Skin causative organisms

A

Strep pyogenes (also tonsils), staph aureus

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23
Q

LRT pneumonia causative organisms

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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24
Q

URT, Ears, Sinuses, LRT causative organisms

A

Haemophilus influenzae, strep pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis

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25
B lactams mechanism
Interfere with cell wall synthesis
26
Two types of B lactams
Penicillins, cephalosporins
27
Types of penicillins (4)
Penicillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (augmentin)
28
Augmentin mechanism
Clavulanic acid is B lacatmase inhibitor therefore broader spectrum
29
Cephalosporins example 2nd gen
Cefuroxime
30
Cephalosporin example 3rd gen
Ceftriaxone
31
Cephalosporin as increase generation
Move from predominantly +ve to -ve cover
32
Macrolides mechanism
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
33
Macrolides examples (3)
Erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin
34
Macrolides are good for
A wide spread of activity including mycoplasma, not good for H, flu
35
Quinolones mechanism
Inhibit bacterial DNA replication
36
Quinolones examples (1)
Ciprofloxacin
37
Quinolones broad or narrow
Broad - avoid if possible
38
Sulphonamides mechansim
Inhibit bacterial folic acid synthesis
39
Sulphonamide example
Trimethoprim (+sulfamethoxazole)
40
Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole name
Co-trimoxazole
41
Trimethoprim only used alone in
UTIs
42
Tetracyclines mechanism
Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
43
Tetracyclines examples (2)
tetracycline, doxycycline
44
Nitrofurantoin why good in UTI
Concentrates in urine
45
Imidazoles example (1)
Metranidazole
46
Imidazoles good for
Treatment of anaerobic infections & protozoa
47
Strep throat site and severity
Pharynx & tonsils & can't swallow (sames as EPV)
48
Strep throat Tonsils vs EPV
large, red, may have pus EPV - same but larger, pseudomembrane
49
Strep throat timecourse
Aprupt onset, starts and stays in throat
50
Strep throat lab
Bacterial swab, neutrophilia (mild)
51
EPV lab
Lymphocytosis
52
LN strep throat vs EPV
juguladigastric vs posterior triangle
53
Liver & spleen Strep throat vs EPV
Strep no abnormalities, EPV may be enlargeed or tender
54
RF high risk if
maori or pacifika, young, crowded housing, low SES
55
Otitis media most common causative organisms
Moraxella catarrhalis, strep pneumonia, haemophilus influenza or virus - influenza virus, rhinovirus, RSV
56
Otitis media antibiotic & why
Amoxicillin - effective against gram -ve & +ve
57
Otitis media antibiotic alternative options if allergy
Erythromycin, cefuroxime
58
UTI first line treatment
Nitrofurantoin
59
UTI treatment not effective why?
Resistance, not sensitive, non-compliance, mis-diagnosis (STI, pyelonephritis)
60
Injury red streaks
Lymphaginitis
61
Gardening injury think about
Tetanus
62
Skin infection treatments
flucloxacillin
63
Impetigo caused by
Staph aureus or strep pyogenes
64
Impetigo treatment
Flucloxacillin Antiseptic cream, test swab for sensitivities
65
Impetigo not responding to treatment instead give(check)
Co-trimoxazole
66
COPD exacerbations caused by
Strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis
67
COPD treat with
Amoxicillin + bronchodilators, steroids then augmentin if not responding, allergy - doxycline
68
Chlamydia treatment
Doxycline
69
Chlamydia treatment in pregnancy
Azithromycin
70
Sinusitis causative organisms
Strep Pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarhalis or Virus - rhinovirus etc
71
Sinusitis antibiotic
Amoxicillin
72
Sinusitis when to treat
> 10 days, often self resolving
73
Strep throat treatment & length
10 days oral penicillin
74
Explaining a medication key points
How it works, side effects & what to do about them, how & when to take it, when to stop taking it.
75
Bite on skin
augmentin
76
Ask about when prescribing antibiotics
pregnancy & allergy
77
Sinusitis treatment
Amoxicillin only if 10 days as usually viral, otherwise rest, fluids, paracetamol
78
Meningitis antibiotic
ceftriaxone
79
Impetigo treatment
Antiseptic then if reoccurs flucloxacillin
80
Chlamydia treatment
1 gm stat azithromycin
81

GP (4 decks)

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