antibiotics Flashcards
(75 cards)
SATA
Why not just prescribe a “really strong” antibiotic?
a) Will delay effective treatment
b) Will give the bacteria more time to grow.
c) Can contribute to the development of drug-resistant bacteria
d) Could result in a lawsuit
e) Could result in an allergic response.
a) Will delay effective treatment
b) Will give the bacteria more time to grow.
c) Can contribute to the development of drug-resistant bacteria
Bactericidal
—kill bacteria
Bacteriostatic
—slow growth of bacteria
What is the mechanism of action for ABX treatment?
Affect target organism’s structure, metabolism, or life cycle
What is the main goal of ABX treatment
Goal is to eliminate pathogen
by either bactericidal or bacteriostatic properties
When would ABX treatment be used prophylactically
May be used for prophylactic treatment of people with suppressed or compromised immune systems
What is chemoprophylaxis
the administration of a medication for the purpose of preventing disease or infection.
Close contacts and family members of recently infected tuberculosis clients should?
begin therapy immediately after a client has a positive tuberculin
test.
What 11 things should the nurse provide education on when their patient is recieving ABX treatment.
- Make sure pt knows to finish all abx
- Do not share
- Keep away from children (safety lid and lock)
- Educate that abx decreases oral contraception and use back up birth control.
- Teach when to take with food or when to avoid certain foods (ie Ca/Iron – Tetras)
- Teach clients to wear medic-alert bracelets if allergic
- Inform as to SE (skin, teeth, tendons, ears, kidneys)
- Tell pts to take probiotics (1-2x/day) to counter antibiotic
- Monitor for hypersensitivity with first dose
- Make sure pt know S&S of allergic rxn
- MOST antibiotics are best taken on empty stomach
Location will affect how long abx treatment is, what two areas will result in longer treatment?
people with sinus infections or bone infections will be on antibiotic longer.
Why should patients be discouraged from sharing antibiotics?
What will this do to the infection
-sharing abx can change infection presentation.
What is a common side effect of ALL antibiotics?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Replacement of natural colon flora with a)… or b)…
may help to alleviate symptoms when taking antibiotics.
a) Probiotic supplements
b) Cultured dairy products such as yogurt or
buttermilk
After parenteral administration of abx, the nurse should observe the patient for a)… in case of allergic reactions
especically after first dose
for 30 minutes
a) Especially in elderly, the nurse should assess the function of what two organs?
b) a gain of (blank) may indicate the failure of these two organs.
a) renal and hepatic function.
b) 2.2lb or 1kg/day
What should the nurse assess for in children who are recieving abx treatment?
persistent diarrhea
What class of antibiotics should ALSO be avoided if a patient has a penicillin allergy
cephalosporins
In order to avoid allergic reaction to penicillin, the nurse should assess what in regards to the food the patient eats?
Assess animal products exposed to abx
What electrolytes should the nurse monitor in patients who are taking penicillin?
Will these electroylytes by high or low?
Monitor for hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
What patients are at a increased risk for hyperkalemia and hypernatremia when taking penicillins?
patients with DM, and who are on dialysis
When a patient is taking penicillin, what should the nurse be careful to monitor?
Monitor cardiac status, including ECG changes
When recieving cephalosporin abx treatment, the nurse should consider what 4 things?
1) Assess for presence or history of bleeding disorders (may reduce prothrombin levels)
2) Assess renal and hepatic function (esp. in elderly)
3) Assess for persistent diarrhea in children
4) Avoid alcohol
When combined with alcohol, some cephalosporings can cause what?
disulfiram (Antabuse)–like reaction,
severe vomiting
What should patients taking oral contraceptives be educated on while also taking Tetracyclines?
Tetracyclines decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
Alternate birth-control method should be used while taking medication
