Antibiotics Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the most commonly used antibiotics for periodontal therapy
Amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole
Penicillin, tetracycline,ciprofloxacin
What are some adverse reactions to using systemic antibiotics
- allergy
-Superinfection - antibiotic resistantance
- interactions with other meds , upset stomach , nausea, vomiting
When is it considered to use Adjunctive antibiotics
Specific patients
( generalized / localized stage 3/4 grade c periodontitis with molar- incisor pattern ) in children and young adults
What are the tetracycline’s dual mechanisms
- Reduce periodontal pathogens
- reduce collagen and bone destruction through inhibition of the enzyme collagenase
Are tetracyclines bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic
Bacteriostatic and are effective against rapidly multiplying bacteria
Side effects of tetracycline
Tooth discoloration
Photosensitivity
Yeast infections
Why are tetracyclines effective for periodontal diseases
Concentrates in gingival crevice 2-10 times than in serum
Administration of tetracycline hydrochloride
250mg four times daily
Minocycline side effect
Reversible vertigo
Administration of minocycline
A dose of 200mg /day
Administration of doxycycline
As anti infective agent: 100mg twice first day then 100mg once
As subantimicrobial :20mg twice daily
About metronidazole
For anaerobes ( pg, prevotella intermedia & bacteriostatic)
250 mg 3/day for 7 days
Should not be administered as monotherapy
Combined with Augmentin for management of LAP and refractory periodontitis
Side effects of metronidazole
Antabuse effect
Alcohol ahould be avoided during and after therapy in at least 1 day
Inhibits warfarin metabolism
Penicillin
Bacteriocidal
Amoxicillin
For both gram negative and gram positive bacteria
Administration of amoxicillin
500 mg 3/ day for 8 days
Augmentin
Resists penicillinase enzymes by some bacteria
Administration of clindamycin
150 mg 4/ day for 10 days
300 mg 2/ day for 8 days
Spiramycin and azithromycin
Of macrolide
Spiramycin against gram + excreted in saliva
Azithromycin against gram - bacilli and anaerobes concentration in periodontal lesions and penetrates fibroblast and phagocytes
Administration of azithromycin
250 mg/day for 5 days after initial loading dose500 mg
