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120 - Bronchial Sepsis > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

How do B Lactams work?

A

By interfering with the cell wall production.

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2
Q

What are the B Lactams?

A

Penicillins

eg Penicillin V, benzylpenicilin (IV), amoxicillin. Some bacteria show resistance so clavulinic acid can be given at the same time.

Widespread use, URTI, UTI. Should be given on empty stomach to ensure absoprtion. Hypersensitivity rare.

Cephlasporins

Used if allergic to penicillins. 3 generations going from gram + to - and getting more broad. 1) skin infections 2)pneumonia 3) meningitis.

Carbapanems

Last resort B lactams against E.Coli and klebsiella

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3
Q

What are Macrolides?

A

eg erythomycin, clarithromycin (H.Pylori)

They inhibit protein synthesis 50s and used instead of b lactams but can cause arrythmias and D+V.

Interact with warfarin and statins

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4
Q

What are Quinolones?

A

eg ciprofloxacin

They interfere with DNA gyrase

They can access CSF so used to anerobes

They interfere with warfarin and can cause seizures

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5
Q

What are tetracyclines?

A

Eg doxycycline

Interfere with protein synthesis 30s

Used for soft tissue and skin plus pneumonia

Can cause photosensitvity and get in teeth and bone

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6
Q

What are aminoglycosides?

A

Eg gentamycin

Work via an 02 transporter so aerobic

stop protein synthesies via 30s

Can cause ear and renal toxicity

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7
Q

What is trimethoprim

A

UTI as excreted in urine

Side effects rate

Folate inhibitor

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8
Q

What is metronidazole

A

Interferes with DNA

Used in GI infection and prophylactically

Not with alcohol or in 1st trimester as damages DNA

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9
Q

What are glycoproteins

A

Eg vancomycin

Damages cell wall and cytoplasm

Last resort given IV for MRSA

Causes red man syndrome and ear and renal toxicity

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10
Q

What are oxazolidinones?

A

eg linozoid

MAOI

Last resort for MRSA

Non under 18 as haemotopoeitic disorders

protein inhibtion via 50s

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11
Q

What are sulphonamides?

A

Folate inhibition

Rarely used

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12
Q

What is chloranphenicol used?

A

For the eye

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13
Q

What is the regime for TB?

A

RIPE

Rifampicin and Isoniazid and pyrazinamide and ethambutol for 2 months

Rifampicin and Isoniazid for 4 more

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14
Q

What would you use for H.pylori?

A

Clarithomycin

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15
Q

What is a last resort B lactam?

A

carbapanems

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16
Q

What is ototoxic?

A

Aminolycosides (gentamycin)

glycoproteins (Vancomycin)

17
Q

Which ones work on 50s?

A

Macrolides

Oxazadinolones

18
Q

What work on 30s?

A

Tetracyclines

Aminogylcosides

19
Q

What is the first choice for staph aureus?

A

flucoxacillin

20
Q

What is the first line for strep?

A

Amoxicillin

21
Q

What is the first line for pneumonia?

A

Normal - Amoxicillin

Aspiration - co amoxiclav

120 - Bronchial Sepsis (3 decks)

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