Antibiotics

Question 1

Chemotherapeutic agent

Answer 1

Chemical substance that can increase host resistance or have antimicrobial affects

Question 2

5 characteristics of good local chemotherapeutics

Answer 2

Substantivity, low toxicity, high potency, good permeability, and intrinsic efficacy.

Question 3

Chlorohexidine MOA

Answer 3

Ruptures cell membranes

Question 4

Side effects of Chlorohexidine

Answer 4

Stain, calculus, and taste alterations

Question 5

What is the “gold standard” per winkle sparkle for topical antimicrobials?

Answer 5

Chlorohexidine (adheres and releases for 6+ hours)

Question 6

What’s the concentration of chlorohexidine and the plaque and gingivitis % reduction?

Answer 6

0.12% concentration
50-55% plaque reduction
445% gingivitis reduction

Question 7

What two things interact negatively with the chlorohexidine?

Answer 7

sodium laryl sulfate and fluoride (stannous)

Question 8

How much chlorohexidine should you use…??

Answer 8

15 mL (half of a shot, half of an ounce) for 30 seconds 2X day

Question 9

What is an example of essential oils and what is the MOA?

Answer 9

Listerine.

Disrupt cell wall and inhibit bac enzymes

Question 10

What percent of alcohol are in essential oils?

Answer 10

21.6-26.9% (careful with recovering alcoholics)

Question 11

Povidine Iodine?????

Answer 11

presurgical scrub for skin. Avoid in people with allergies, thyroid dysfunction, or pregnant people.

Question 12

Quaternary ammonium compounds?? MOA??

Answer 12

Cepacol and scope. rupture cell wall (cationic)

Question 13

Sanguinarine

Answer 13

from Cactus- studied in mouth rinse

Question 14

What is sodium hypochlorite used for?

Answer 14

Bleach-endodontics

Question 15

Stannous fluoride MOA

Answer 15

promotes remineralization, increases tooth resistance to acid dissolution, and inhibits cariogenic microbial processes

Question 16

Triclosan

Answer 16

broad spectrum-banned a lot of places

Question 17

What are the three things triclosan is combined with?

Answer 17

Zinc citrate (antiplaque and calculus), polyvinyl methyl and maelic acid (increase substantivity), pyrophosphates (anti calculus)

Question 18

Why are four reasons pts should take antibiotics?

Answer 18

Immunocompromised, ANUG/ANUP, systemic diseases, and bad candidates for complex and invasive treatments

Question 19

Antibiotics for chronic perio?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

What type of bacteria is primarily in perio?

Answer 20

G- anaerobes

Question 21

Penecillin MOA, effect, and spectrum?

Answer 21

inhibit cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal, narrow

Question 22

Three most common penecillins

Answer 22

Pen VK, amox, augmentin

Question 23

Tetracyclines MOA, effect, and spectrum?

Answer 23

Inhibit protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, broad

Question 24

Two advantages to tetracyclines?

Answer 24

can concentrate in the tissues (bye bye AA) and is anticollagenase

Question 25

Down sides to tetracyclines?

Answer 25

the sun. no milk or dairy with it, and no babies or pregnant people

Question 26

Two main forms of tetracyclines?

Answer 26

Doxycycline and Minocycline

Question 27

Docycyline benefits? PS Take two tabs right away

Answer 27

Less side effects, can take with milk

Question 28

Metronidazole MOA, effect, and brand name?

Answer 28

Inhibit DNA synthesis, Bacteriocidal (anaerobes), and Flagyl

Question 29

Side effects of metronidazole?

Answer 29

nausea, orange pee, metallic taste, antabuse effect (sick in alcoholics), neuropathy

Question 30

Metronidazole is synergistic with what

Answer 30

PCN's (amox and aug)

Question 31

Clindamyacin MOA, effect, what bac, and why you take it

Answer 31

Inhibits protein synthesis, bacteriostatic, anaerobic, for Pen allergy people

Question 32

Side effects of clindamyacin?

Answer 32

Growth of clostridium difficil (pseudomembranous colitis), and skin rash

Question 33

Azithromyacin MOA, bac, and benefits | Z PAK

Answer 33

Penetrate fibroblasts and phagocytes, anaerobes and G- bacilli, can concentrate in the tissues

Question 34

What is a HMT and why are they good? name two

Answer 34

host modulator and they can decrease the immune response destruction so the antibiotics can kill the agent. NSAID and periostat

Question 35

HIV, osteoporosis, and infrequent dental visits are examples of what?

Answer 35

Risk indicators

Question 36

Tobacco, diabetes, pathogenic bacteria, and microbial tooth deposits are examples of what?

Answer 36

Risk factors

Question 37

Genetic factors, age, gender and stress are examples of what?

Answer 37

Risk determinants

Question 38

BOP and previous history of perio are examples of what?

Answer 38

Risk markers/predictors

Question 39

How much more likely are people who smoke to lose teeth?

Answer 39

3X

Question 40

What is the likely % improved prognosis if smoking is stopped?

Answer 40

60%