Antibiotics

Question 1

Penicillin coverage

Answer 1

Strep, oral abaerobes, lepto, syphillis

Question 2

Most accurate test in infectious disease?

Answer 2

Culture

*least is imaging

Question 3

Ampicillin/Amoxicillin coverage

Answer 3

Same as Penicillin, but add E. Coli and Lyme

(HELPS) for amoxicillin
H. Flu, E. Coli, Listeria, Proteus, Syphillis

Question 4

2 bugs that don’t grow in culture

Answer 4

Pneumocystis and Syphillis

Question 5

What’s best for Methicillin sensitive skin infections?

Answer 5

PCNase resistant penicillins

Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Nafcillin (naph for staph)

Question 6

What are the best drugs for Cholangitis, pyelonephritis, HCAP, neutropenia, pseudomonas?

Answer 6

Ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocollin.

Question 7

Which Cephalosporin covers MRSA?

Answer 7

Only Ceftaroline (5th gen)

Question 8

Does any macrololide cover MRSA?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Cephazolin, Cephalexin, Cefadrine, Cefdroxyl

Answer 9

1st Gen Cephalosporins

Good for MSSA, strep, gram + stuff (cellulitis, endocarditis)

Question 10

Cefotetan, Cefoxitin

Answer 10

2nd Gen Cephalosporins
1st gen + anaerobes, some gram -‘s

Best initial for PID (when combined with doxy)
Disulfram like rxn

Question 11

Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime

Answer 11

Ceftriaxone:First line for Pneumococcus (CAP), meningitis, gonorrhea, Lyme
Avoid in neonates 2/2 impaired biliary metabolism
Ceftazidime: covers pseudomonas. Good for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Question 12

Cefipime

Answer 12

Fourth gen cephalo
All the third gen gram -‘s plus better staph coverage
Ventilator assisted pna

Question 13

Ceftaroline

Answer 13

5th gen cephalo

First one to cover MRSA. No pseudomonal coverage

Question 14

Irmipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, doripenem

Answer 14

Carbapenems: cover many resistant staph/strep, most gram -‘s
Ertapenem: only one that does NOT cover Pseudomonas

Question 15

Aztreonam

Answer 15

Only monobactam
EXCLUCIVELY GRAM -!
Covers pseudomonas
No PCN cross reaction

Question 16

Tedizolid, Dalbavancin, oritavancin

Answer 16

Exclusively cover gram +!

All cover MRSA

Question 17

Quinolones (Cipro, Levo, Moxi Gemi)

Answer 17

Best for CAP (S. pneumo)
Great gram - coverage, including pseudomonas
Cipro for cystitis, pyelonephritis
Also for diverticulitis and GI infections (use with flagyl)
Moxi doesnt need flagyl for GI

Question 18

Quinolone adverse affects

Answer 18

Bone growth abnormalities in children and fetuses

Achilles Tendonitis and rupture

Question 19

Aminoglycosides (gentamycin, tobramycin)

Answer 19

Good gram - coverage
Need oxygen to work (so no anaerobes)
Nephrotoxic, ototoxic

Question 20

Doxycycline

Answer 20

Anything bug borne
Lyme, rickettsia, mycoplasma,

Can cause tooth discoloration, fanconi syndrome (type II RTA), photosensitivity, esophageal ulcerstion

Question 21

TMP/SMX

Answer 21

Treats cystitis, PCP, MRSA Cellulitis

Folate antagonist, don’t give to G6PD deficient folks (causes hemolysis)

Question 22

Gram + Cocci coverage

Answer 22

Oxacillin, cloxicillin, dicloxacillin, Nafcillin
First gen cephalos
Quinolones
Macrolides (azithromycin/clarithromycin) are 3rd line 2/2 resistance

Question 23

MRSA coverage

Answer 23

Vancomycin
Linezolid (can cause bone marrow toxicity)
Daptomycin (can elevate CPK)
Tigecycline
Ceftaroline
Telavancin
Doxy
Tmp/smx

Question 24

Anaerobe coverage above the diaphragm

Answer 24

PCN, amoxicillin, Clindamycin

Question 25

Anaerobic coverage below the diaphragm

Answer 25

Beta lactam/lactamase inhibators (piperacillin/tazobactam) Flagyl Second gen cephalos (cefoxitin, cefuroxime)

Question 26

Gram - bacilli (e. Coli, klebsiella, proteus, pseudo, enterobacter, citrobacter) coverage

Answer 26

Cause peritonitis/cholangitis/pyelonephritis/diverticulitis ``` -quinolones Aminoglycosides Carbapenems Aztreonam Cephalosporins ```