Antibiotics

Question 1

Sulfonamides have resistance to

Answer 1

Pseudomonas
Bacteroides
Enterococcus

Question 2

Sulfonamides work for Gram ___

Answer 2

Neg and Pos

Question 3

How do sulfonamides work

Answer 3

Block production of folic acid

Question 4

How do potentiated sulfas work

Answer 4

Block PABA and dihydrofolate reductase

Question 5

Sulfonamides are highly restricted for

Answer 5

Dairy cattle

Question 6

How do beta lactams work

Answer 6

Bind to penicillin binding proteins (cell lysis)

Question 7

Examples of beta lactams

Answer 7

Penicillin

Cephalosporin

Question 8

3rd Generation cephalosporins penetrate ___

Answer 8

The CNS

Question 9

T/F: Beta Lactams can be used extra label

Answer 9

True

Question 10

How does Tetracycline work

Answer 10

Binds 30s ribosome preventing protein synthesis

Question 11

Characteristics of tetracycline

Answer 11

lipophilic, wide distribution, accumulate intracellularly

Question 12

Neomycin and gentamicin are

Answer 12

Aminoglycosides

Question 13

Aminoglycosides are effective against gram ___

Answer 13

Negative

Question 14

Aminoglycosides are highly ___ soluble and poorly ___ soluble

Answer 14

Highly water soluble

Poorly lipid soluble

Question 15

Where do aminoglycosides accumulate

Answer 15

lysosomes and mitochondria causing a post-antibiotic effect

Question 16

Where do aminoglycosides accumulate

Answer 16

lysosomes and mitochondria causing a post-antibiotic effect

Question 17

Aminoglycosides can cause toxicity to

Answer 17

Kidney and ear

Question 18

T/F: Aminoglycosides are commonly used

Answer 18

FALSE: they are a zero tolerance drug and are strongly urged not to be used except for neonatal pigs

Question 19

What is Florfenicol most commonly used for

Answer 19

BRD, keratoconjunctivitis, Foot Rot

Question 20

How does Florfenicol work

Answer 20

Blocks peptidyltransferase on 50s ribosome

Question 21

Why is Florfenicol good for H. Somni

Answer 21

Achieves concentration in CNS above MIC for 20 hrs — penetrates diseased lung more than healthy lung

Question 22

Is extra label use allowed for florfenicol

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Erythromycin is what drug class

Answer 23

Macrolide

Question 24

Macrolides have ___ activity

Answer 24

intracellular – higher positive charge

Question 25

Macrolides are especially good for which bacteria

Answer 25

Mycoplasma

Question 26

How do macrolides work

Answer 26

Bind 50s ribosome

Question 27

Where do macrolides accumulate

Answer 27

Cells more acidic than plasma | Lysosomes of leukocytes

Question 28

Why should lincosamides be avoided in foregut/hindgut fermenters

Answer 28

cause clostridial overgrowth

Question 29

Lincosamides are best for which species

Answer 29

Swine

Question 30

How do lincosamides work

Answer 30

bind 50s ribosome

Question 31

Lincosamides work best for which bacteria

Answer 31

Strep, erysipelothrix, mycoplasma

Question 32

T/F: Fluoroquinolones are highly restricted

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

what are examples of fluoroquinolones

Answer 33

Enrofloxacin