antibiotics

Question 1

penicillin G

Answer 1

beta-lactam, IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 2

penicillin VK

Answer 2

beta-lactam, PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 3

Nafcillin

Answer 3

beta-lactam (penicillin), IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 4

dicloxacillin

Answer 4

beta-lactam (penicillin)PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 5

amoxicillin

Answer 5

beta-lactam (penicillin)PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 6

ampicillin

Answer 6

beta-lactam(penicillin), IV,PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 7

amox/clavulanate

Answer 7

beta-lactam(penicillin), IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 8

piperacillin

Answer 8

beta-lactam (penicillin)IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 9

pip/tazobactam

Answer 9

beta-lactam, (penicillin)IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 10

cefazolin

Answer 10

beta-lactam (cephalosporin) IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 11

cephalexin

Answer 11

beta-lactam (cephalosporin) PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 12

ceftriaxone

Answer 12

beta-lactam (cephalosporin) IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 13

ceftazidime

Answer 13

beta-lactam (cephalosporin)

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 14

imipenem

Answer 14

beta-lactam (carbapenem) IV - GIVE WITH CILASTATIN

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 15

meropenem

Answer 15

beta-lactam (Carbapenem) IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 16

aztreonam

Answer 16

beta-lactam (monobactam) IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 17

vancomycin

Answer 17

glycopeptide IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 18

linezolid

Answer 18

oxazolidinone PO,IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 19

daptomycin

Answer 19

cyclic lipopeptide IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 20

clarithromycin

Answer 20

macrolide PO

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 21

azithromycin

Answer 21

macrolide PO,IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 22

clindamycin

Answer 22

lincosamide PO, IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 23

metronidazole

Answer 23

nitroimidazole PO,IV

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 24

doxycycline

Answer 24

tetracycline, protein synthesis inhibitor

use:
mechanism:
gram:
complication:
resistance:

Question 25

gentamicin

Answer 25

aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitor use: mechanism: gram: complication: resistance:

Question 26

tobramycin

Answer 26

aminoglycoside, protein synthesis inhibitor use: mechanism: gram: complication: resistance:

Question 27

sulfamethoxazole (SMX) (use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance)

Answer 27

antifolate, sulfonamide, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: mechanism: gram: complication: resistance:

Question 28

cotrimoxazole | use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance

Answer 28

trimethoprim/SMX antifolate, sulfonamide, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: mechanism: gram: complication: resistance:

Question 29

ciprofloxacin (use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance)

Answer 29

fluoroquinolone, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: for complicated UTIs, traveler's diarrhea mechanism: inhibits topo2 or topo4. concentration dependent killing, renal excretion gram: works for gram pos, better for gram negative rods and cocci, including drug-resistant gram negative rods and pseudomonas complications: absorption impaired by antacids (calcium, iron, magnesium, aluminum). GI tox, dizziness, headache, rash, damage to growing cartilage (no children/preg), tendonitis/rupture, acute psychosis, contraindicated with NSAIDs (CNS) resistance: mutation in topo, increased drug efflux, decreased drug influx

Question 30

levofoxacin (use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance)

Answer 30

fluoroquinolone, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: for Community acquired atypical pneumonia, TB, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. S. pneumonia, S. aureas, legionella, chlamydia, MDR TB, some anerobes mechanism: topo2/4 inhibitor, concentration dependent killing, renal excretion gram: works for gram negative rods and cocci, stronger for gram positive complications: QT prolongation, absorption impaired by antacids (calcium, iron, magnesium, aluminum). GI tox, dizziness, headache, rash, damage to growing cartilage (no children/preg), tendonitis/rupture, acute psychosis, contraindicated with NSAIDs (CNS) resistance: mutation in topo, increased drug efflux, decreased drug influx

Question 31

moxifloxacin (use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance)

Answer 31

fluoroquinolone, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: for Community acquired atypical pneumonia, TB, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. S. pneumonia, S. aureas, legionella, chlamydia, MDR TB, some anerobes mechanism: topo2/4 inhibitor, concentration dependent killing, hepatic metabolism gram: strong against both gram pos and neg (cipro is still strongest against neg) complications: QT prolongation, absorption impaired by antacids (calcium, iron, magnesium, aluminum). GI tox, dizziness, headache, rash, damage to growing cartilage (no children/preg), tendonitis/rupture, acute psychosis, contraindicated with NSAIDs (CNS) resistance: mutation in topo, increased drug efflux, decreased drug influx

Question 32

nitrofurantoin (use, mechanism, gram, complication, resistance)

Answer 32

urinary tract antiseptic use: for uncomplicated UTIs mechanism: causes free radical damage, activated by reduction in bacteria gram: effective against gram positive and some gram neg complications: turns urine brown, don't give to pregnant women resistance: no resistance known

Question 33

trimethoprim (TMP)

Answer 33

antifolate/sulfonamide, DNA synthesis inhibitor use: mechanism: gram: complication: resistance: