Antibiotics Flashcards
(26 cards)
What does bacteriostatic mean?
Inhibits growth of bacteria
What does bacteriocidal mean?
Kills bacteria
What antibiotics target cell wall synthesis?
Beta-lactams and glycopeptides
How do penicillins kill bacteria?
Irreversibly binds to penicillin binding proteins.
Stops cross-linking of peptide sided chains in the cell wall.
It resembles D-alanine D-alanine dipeptides
Name the 3 main groups of beta-lactams
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
What penicillin is resistant to staph beta-lactamases?
Flucloxacillin
What type of bacteria do carbapenems kill?
Gram +ve and gram -ve (last resort for gram -ve)
Name a cephalosporin
Ceftriaxone
What class of drug does vancomycin belong to?
Glycopeptides
What do glycopeptides act on?
Bacterial cell wall
What penicillin only acts on gram +ve organisms?
Flucloxacillin
What penicillin only acts on gram -ve organisms?
Temocillin
What penicillins act on both gram +ve and gram -ve organisms?
Amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav and piperacillin/tazobactam
How are penicillins excreted?
Kidneys
Are penicillins safe to use in pregnancy?
Oui
What antibiotic should be used in a patient that has an infection caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus?
FLUCLOXACILLIN
What is co-amoxiclav made of?
Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid
What does clavulanic acid do?
Inhibits beta-lactamase
How are cephalosporins excreted?
Kidneys and urine
Are cephalosporins safe to use in pregnancy?
Yeah boi
How do cephalosporins work?
Inhibit cell wall synthesis and are bacteriacidal
What infection are cephalosporins associated with?
C.difficile
Avoid use
How commonly do we use ciprofloxacin?
Almost never, plz avoid giving this out, almost never the answer
What are the 4Cs and what do they do?
Increase risk of C.diff Co-amoxiclav Ciprofloxacin Cephalosporins Clindamycin
