Antibiotics Flashcards
(39 cards)
Which antibiotics are used to treat sepsis?
Tazocin
(piperacillin/tazobactam)
Rifampicin + vancomycin
(gram negative cover)
Which antibiotics are used to treat endocarditis?
Vancomycin
Penicillin G
Ampicillin
Gentamicin
Which antibiotics are used to treat malaria?
Mefloquine
Doxycycline
atovaquone
malarone
Which antibiotics are used to treat lower tract UTIs?
Nitrofurantoin pivmecillinam Fosfomycin Oral cephalosporins Co-amoxiclav Trimethoprim, Amoxicillin (resistance)
Which antibiotics are used to treat upper tract UTIs?
iv Tazocin
iv Gentamicin
Oral ciprofloxacin
Which antibiotics are used to treat candida infections?
Nystatin (mouth)
Azoles- canestan (thrush)
Which antibiotics are used to treat Traveller’s diarrhoea?
Ciprofloxacin (bacterial)
Metronidazole (parasites)
Nitazoxanide (cryptosporidium)
Which antibiotics are used to treat syphillis?
Benzathine penicillin G (one dose) Procaine penicillin (14 days) Doxycycline (allergic 15 days) Tertiary- Benzathine penicillin weekly x3 or doxycycline 28 days
Which antibiotics are used to treat Haemophilus ducreyi?
Azithromycin
Ceftriaxone
Which antibiotics are used to treat N. gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone + azithromycin
Resistance- etrapenem + doxycycline for 7 days
What are the antivirals used for HIV?
2 NRTIs+NNRTI or ritonavir boosted Pi or an INSTI
tenofovir, abacavir + rilpiravirine
or Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir)
or raltegravir
Which antibiotics are used to treat C. diff?
Oral vancomycin
Oral fidaxomicin
Which antibiotics are used to treat low-severity CAP?
Amoxicillin for 5 days or doxycycline
iv amoxicillin or iv cefuroxime if mild penicillin allergy
ciprofloxacin + vancomycin for severe penicillin allergy
Which antibiotics are used to treat moderate severity CAP?
Amoxicillin + clarithromycin for 7 days or doxycycline
iv benzylpenicillin + clarithromycin
or iv cefuroxime if mild penicillin allergy
ciprofloxacin + vancomycin if severe penicillin allergy
Which antibiotics are used to treat severe CAP?
Co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin for 10 days
levofloxacin + vancomycin (penicillin allergy or likely to be MRSA)
Extend to 14-21 days for legionella, staph or gram negative pneumonia
Which antibiotics are used to treat pathogens not as commonly associated with CAP?
H. Influenzae (oseltamivir)
M. pneumoniae (levofloxacin)
L. pneumoniae (quinolones + rifampicin)
Which antibiotics are used to treat TB?
Rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol for 4 months
Then rifampicin + isoniazid for 2 months
Which antibiotics are used to treat common skin infections?
S. aureus- flucloxacillin/co-amoxiclav
S. pyogenes- penicillins (fluoxacillin)
Both- erythromycin, clindamycin, cefuroxime, vancomycin
Which antibiotics are used to treat septic arthritis?
S. aureus- flucloxacillin (vancomycin if MRSA)
Strep. pyogenes- benzylpenicillin
Which antibiotics are used to treat bacterial meningitis?
Cephalosporins- cefotaxime/ceftriaxone (except listeria) (for unknown > 2 months add amoxicillin)
Chloramphenicol- Hib (allergies)
Benzylpenicillin- N. meningitidis + S. pneumoniae (vancomycin resistant strain) + unknown < 2 months (gentamicin)
Which antivirals are used to treat cytomegalovirus?
Ganciclovir
Cidofovir
Foscarnet
Which antivirals are used to treat influenza?
Amantadine
NA inhibitors: zanamivir/oseltamivir
What treatment is used for tinea pedis?
Topical terbinafine (laminal) Topical clotrimazole (canesten)
What treatment is used for tinea corporis?
Topical clotrimazole
