Antibiotics by class

Question 1

reduce peptidoglycan synthesis?

Answer 1

Vancomycin
Bacitracin (topical)
Fosfomycin

Question 2

What kind of antibiotic reduces cross linking?

Answer 2

Beta-lactams

Question 3

What is Penicillin G and V

Answer 3

G is used intravenously
V is acid stabilized for oral use

Question 4

Antistaphylococcal penicillins?

Answer 4

Oxacillin
Nafcillin
Difloxacillin

Question 5

Amino penicillins?

Answer 5

Amoxicillin
Ampicillin

Question 6

Antipseudomonal penicillin?

Answer 6

Piperacillin

Question 7

Beta-Lactamase inhibitors?

Answer 7

Clavulanate
Sulbactam
Tazobactam
Avibactam

Question 8

What is amoxicillin + clavulanate?

Answer 8

Augmentin

Question 9

What is ampicillin + sulbactim?

Answer 9

Unisyn

Question 10

What is piperacillin + tazobactrim?

Answer 10

Zosyn

Question 11

1st gen cephalosporins?

Answer 11

Cefazolin (ancef)
cephalexin

Question 12

2nd gen cephalosporins?

Answer 12

cefaclor
cefoxitin
cefotetan

Question 13

3rd gen cephalosporins?

Answer 13

ceftriaxone
cefotaxime
ceftazadime

Question 14

4th gen cephalosporins?

Answer 14

cefapime

Question 15

5th gen cephalosporins?

Answer 15

ceftaroline ($)

Question 16

what are the carbapenems?

Answer 16

(DIME)
Doripenem
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem

Question 17

Whats the monobactam?

Answer 17

aztreonam (for penicillin allergy)

Question 18

Which abx disrupts the cell membrane?

Answer 18

Daptomycin or Cubicin (makes efflux pumps)
Polymyxins (nuke) so used topically

Question 19

Folic acid inhibitors?

Answer 19

(sulfonamides) sulfamethoxazole (1st step)
trimethoprim (2nd step)

Question 20

what is sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim?

Answer 20

Bactrim

Question 21

What abx disrupts DNA integrity and how?

Answer 21

metronidazole
makes ROS’s

Question 22

What targets mRNA polymerase?

Answer 22

Rifampin (never alone for TB)

Question 23

What targets DNA gyrase and is found in phagocytic cells?

Answer 23

Fluoroquinolones

Question 24

1st gen fluoroquinolones?

Answer 24

Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
norfloxacin
gatifloxacin

Question 25

what is the quinolone and what does it target?

Answer 25

Nalidixic acid targets DNA gyrase like the other fluoroquinolones

Question 26

What targets the 50s subunit?

Answer 26

- Macrolides (ACE) **Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin** - Lincosamides **(Clindamycin)** - Streptogramins **(Quinopristin+Dalfopristin=Synercid)** - **Chloramphenicol** (eye drops) - Oxazolidinones **(linezolid)** or zyvox

Question 27

What targets the 30s subunit?

Answer 27

tetracyclines **doxycycline, tetracycline, minocycline** glycylcycline (overcomes efflux pump resistance) **tigecycline** -Aminoglycosides (GNATS) **Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin**