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MSRA CPS > Antibiotics & Epilepsy Mg > Flashcards

Antibiotics & Epilepsy Mg Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Respiratory system:
Exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

A

(ATC)
Amoxicillin or
tetracycline or
clarithromycin

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2
Q

Uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia

A

(ADC):
-Amoxicillin (Doxycycline or clarithromycin in penicillin allergic, add flucloxacillin if staphylococci suspected e.g. In influenza)

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3
Q

Pneumonia possibly caused by atypical pathogens

A

-Clarithromycin

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4
Q

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

A

Within 5 days of admission:
co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
More than 5 days after admission:
-piperacillin with tazobactam OR a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. ceftazidime) OR a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)

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5
Q

Urinary tract:
Lower urinary tract infection

A

-Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin. Alternative: amoxicillin or cephalosporin

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6
Q

Acute pyelonephritis

A

-Broad-spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

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7
Q

Acute prostatitis

A

-Quinolone or trimethoprim

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8
Q

Skin:
Impetigo

A

-Topical hydrogen peroxide,
-oral flucloxacillin or erythromycin if widespread

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9
Q

Cellulitis

A

-Flucloxacillin (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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10
Q

Cellulitis (near the eyes or nose)

A

-Co-amoxiclav (clarithromycin, + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

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11
Q

Erysipelas

A

-Flucloxacillin* (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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12
Q

Animal or human bite

A

-Co-amoxiclav (doxycycline + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

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13
Q

Mastitis during breast-feeding

A

-Flucloxacillin

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14
Q

ENT: Throat infections

A

-Phenoxymethylpenicillin (erythromycin alone if penicillin-allergic)

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15
Q

Sinusitis

A

-Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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16
Q

Otitis media

A

-Amoxicillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

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17
Q

Otitis externa

A

-Flucloxacillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

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18
Q

Periapical or periodontal abscess

A

-Amoxicillin

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19
Q

Gingivitis: acute necrotising ulcerative

A

-Metronidazole

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20
Q

Genital system: Gonorrhoea

A

Intramuscular ceftriaxone

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21
Q

Chlamydia

A

Doxycycline or azithromycin

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22
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

Oral ofloxacin + oral metronidazole or intramuscular ceftriaxone + oral doxycycline + oral metronidazole

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23
Q

Syphilis Rx

A

Benzathine benzylpenicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin

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24
Q

Rx. of Bacterial vaginosis

Study These Flashcards
A

Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

25
Gastrointestinal: Clostridioides difficile
First episode: oral vancomycin Second or subsequent episode of infection: Within 12 weeks: Oral fidoxamin After 12 weeks: oral fidaxomicin/fidoxamin
26
Campylobacter enteritis
Clarithromycin
27
Salmonella (non-typhoid)
Ciprofloxacin
28
Shigellosis Rx
Ciprofloxacin
29
Hospital Management of Acute COPD
30
Generalised tonic-clonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: lamotrigine or levetiracetam
31
Focal seizures
first line: lamotrigine or levetiracetam second line: carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine or zonisamide
32
Absence seizures (Petit mal)
first line: ethosuximide second line: male: sodium valproate female: lamotrigine or levetiracetam carbamazepine may exacerbate absence seizures
33
Myoclonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: levetiracetam
34
Tonic or atonic seizures
males: sodium valproate females: levetiracetam
35
Quick comparison: Epilepsy: first-line medications Lamotrigine or levetiracetam
focal seizures (male patient)
36
Quick comparison: Epilepsy: first-line medications Sodium valproate
generalised tonic-clonic seizures (male patient) myoclonic seizures (male patient) tonic or atonic seizures (male patient)
37
Quick comparison: Antibiotic guidelines Flucloxacillin (Flu to CEO)
Cellulitis (NOT near the eyes or nose) Erysipelas Otitis externa (severe)
38
Quick comparison: Antibiotic guidelines Co-amoxiclav
Cellulitis (near the eyes or nose) Animal or human bite
39
Side-effects of common drugs: antibiotics Amoxicillin
Rash with infectious mononucleosis
40
Co-amoxiclav AE
Cholestasis
41
Flucloxacillin
Cholestasis
42
Erythromycin AEs
Gastrointestinal upset Prolongs QT interval
43
Ciprofloxacin
Lowers seizure threshold Tendonitis
44
Metronidazole
Disulfiram like reaction (Reaction following alcohol ingestion)
45
Doxycycline
Photosensitivity
46
Trimethoprim
Rashes, including photosensitivity Pruritus Suppression of haematopoiesis
47
Aminoglycosides AEs
Nephrotoxic & Ototoxicity Contraindications myasthenia gravis
48
Genital Ulcers
A. Painful: a. Multiple painful: Herpes simplex virus b. Single painful: Chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi) B. Painless: a. Single/Multiple painless: LGV b. Single painless: Syphilis c. Granuloma inguinale by K. granulomatis
49
Anti-Tuberculosis: drug side-effects Rifampicin
Orange bodily fluids, rash, hepatotoxicity, drug interactions
50
Isoniazid
Peripheral neuropathy, psychosis, hepatotoxicity
51
Pyrazinamide Paoooon
Gout, Arthralgia, hepatotoxicity, nausea
52
Ethambutol Eye
Optic neuritis, rash
53
Prescribing in pregnant patients Harmful:
Antibiotics -tetracyclines -aminoglycosides -sulphonamides and trimethoprim -quinolones: the BNF advises to avoid due to arthropathy in some animal studies Other drugs -ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists -statins -warfarin -sulfonylureas -retinoids (including topical) -cytotoxic agents The majority of antiepileptics including valproate, carbamazepine and phenytoin are known to be potentially harmful.
54
Prescribing in patients with renal failure
Avoid in RF: NAML - Trtra Nitro -antibiotics: tetracycline, nitrofurantoin -NSAIDs -lithium -metformin Need dose adjustment - accumulate in chronic kidney disease -most antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, vancomycin, gentamicin, streptomycin -digoxin, atenolol -methotrexate -sulphonylureas -furosemide -opioids Relatively safe - can sometimes use normal dose depending on the degree of chronic kidney disease -antibiotics: erythromycin, rifampicin -diazepam -warfarin
55
Side-effects of common drugs: diabetes drugs Metformin
-Gastrointestinal side-effects -Lactic acidosis
56
Sulfonylureas
Hypoglycaemic episodes Increased appetite and weight gain Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion Liver dysfunction (cholestatic)
57
Glitazones
-Weight gain -Fluid retention -Liver dysfunction -Fractures
58
Gliptins
Pancreatitis

MSRA CPS (61 decks)

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